4. No maker of or dealer in chains or ropes, and no shipowner or other
   person, shall by reason of these regulations, or of anything done thereunder,
   be relieved from any responsibility in respect of any chain or rope made,
   sold, or used by him to which, but for these regulations, he would have
   been subject.

5. Chain shall be made of wrought iron of “Best Yorkshire” or of
   “Grade A” quality, as specified in the British Standard Specifications for
   Wrought Iron, Report No. 51, or any amendments to this specification.
   No chain shall be used for working cargo unless the iron of which it is made
   has complied with the tensile, bend, and other tests of the British Standard
   Specification for quality “Best Yorkshire” or “Grade A.”

A chain shall have been tested by subjecting a piece of seven links in
length cut from every 50 fathoms of chain to the breaking-load specified
in Appendix I. If the piece selected fails to withstand the breaking-load,
another piece of seven links from the same length shall be selected and cut
out, and shall be tested in the same manner. If the first or second portion
of such pieces withstands the breaking-load, the remaining portion of the
length shall then (but not otherwise) have been tested in lengths of
15 fathoms by subjecting it to the tensile load specified in Appendix I.

Any chain to be tested, the length of which is less than 50 or 15 fathoms,
as the case may be, or any part of a chain to be tested which remains
untested after the testing of any full length of 50 or 15 fathoms, as the case
may be, shall be tested in the same manner as a full length of 50 or
15 fathoms.

6. After a 15-fathom length or shorter length has been subjected to
   the tensile load it shall be measured before removal from the testing-bed,
   and its actual length recorded in a book provided for that purpose. The
   total elongation of the chain between the tensile load and the breaking-
   load shall not be less than 15 per cent. After its length has been ascer-
   tained it shall then be removed from the testing-bed to the examining-
   bench, and submitted to a careful examination. Each link shall be
   separately examined, both on the inside and the outside. Any link showing
   flaws, cracks, fractures, or other defects is to be taken out and the chain
   repaired, and the tensile test again applied and the chain re-examined. If
   one link breaks in the solid iron, or more than 5 per cent. are found defective,
   or if the elongation is less than 15 per cent., the length shall be rejected.

7. Chains which have been in use and which have been repaired by
   the adding of new links shall be retested. The test-load shall not be less
   than twice the working-load specified in Table No. 1. No chain which
   has been so repaired shall be put into use until it has passed a satisfactory
   test.

8. Test certificates shall be obtained by the purchaser for any chain
   or rope to be used for working cargo, and also for the iron from which the
   chain has been made: Provided that in the case where a long length of
   chain or rope has been cut into lengths, the vendor may issue copies of the
   original test certificates accompanied by declarations that the same are
   true copies, but the vendor must hold the original certificate for reference
   for a period of five years.

The original test certificate must be duly signed by the person witnessing
the test, and the person must be an independent authority, such as the
responsible testing officer of a licensed proving-house, a Board of Trade
Surveyor, or a Surveyor of an approved classification society, or other duly
qualified testing officer: Provided that test certificates for the iron from