XVII. As to clause 60 thereof, by deleting the word “fair”
in the paragraph numbered (16) relating to English Language and
Literature, and inserting in lieu thereof the word “competent.”

XVIII. Further, as to clause 60 thereof, by deleting the para-
graph numbered (21) containing the program in Physiography,
and substituting therefor the following:—

(21.) Physiography.—(a.) The earth as a globe; size, shape,
and general structure; internal heat; motions of rotation
and revolution; the earth as a member of the solar
system; phases of the moon; eclipses; solar spectra;
measurement of time; inclination of the earth’s axis
and its effects; meridians and parallels; latitude and
longitude; the construction of maps; projections (equi-
distant, conical, and mercator’s only); rhumb-line and
great-circle sailing; terrestrial magnetism.

(b.) The Atmosphere: Composition; colours of the
sky; winds; planetary circulation; distribution of
atmospheric pressure; isobars; effects of seasonable
changes of temperature; isothermals; shifting of
equatorial calm-belt; trade-winds, monsoons, &c.;
cyclones and anti-cyclones; clouds and cloud forms;
the rainbow; dewpoint; rainfall; rainy and dry belts;
climate; causes affecting climate; relation of vegeta-
tion to climate; results of irregular distribution of land
and water; meteorological instruments; principles of
weather-predicting; interpretation of weather charts.

(c.) The Ocean: Form of ocean basins; composition,
temperature, and pressure of ocean water; ocean
depths; methods of ascertaining ocean depths and con-
ducting deep-sea observations; deposits on the ocean
floor; waves, currents, and tides; influence of the
ocean on climate; control over distribution of organic
forms.

(d.) The Land: Weathering; work of rain; de-
nudation; general features of land surface; slow
changes in progress; slow movements of the earth’s
crust; earthquakes, seismographs; initial drainage;
consequent drainage; divides; subsequent drainage.
features; influence of geological structure; stratified and
unstratified rocks; weak and resistant rocks; folds and
faults; stream profiles; the geographical cycle, its
various stages; base-level and peneplain; interruptions
of cycle by crustal movements; succession of cycles;
composite topography; characteristics of river valleys;
flood plains; terraces; alluvial fans; deltas; glaciers;
glacial erosion; forms of glaciated valleys; cirques;
moraines; evidence of former glaciation; the work of
wind; loess deposits; volcanic action; forms assumed
by accumulation of volcanic material modified by
erosion; thermal action; marine erosion; shore lines;
initial forms and modified shore lines; plains of marine
erosion; types of coasts depending on structure; origin
of various types of mountains, valleys, plateaux, plains,
lakes, and islands; the outlines of the continents;
methods of representing topographic features on maps
and diagrams.

A candidate in Physiography will be required to
forward to the Department, before the examination,
a certificate on the prescribed form that he has gone
through a sufficient course of practical work in the sub-
ject as defined above occupying at least eighty hours.
Generally speaking, not less than one-third of this total
must be spent in the field.

For the examination of January, 1915, candidates
may at their discretion take in this subject the program
hereby superseded, and the paper or papers set shall be
arranged accordingly.

J. F. ANDREWS,
Clerk of the Executive Council.