Feb. 16.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE, 793

sition, properties, and impurities of air; chemical and
microscopical examination of samples of air for impurities. Quantity of fresh air required under varying conditions; air-space around and in buildings; overcrowding. Principles and methods of ventilation;
natural and artificial ventilation compared. Effects of respiration and combustion upon composition of air. Classification and relative value and digestibility of foodstuffs. General principles of diet; quantity of each class of food required; energy obtainable from food. Standard diets. Care and preservation of food; putrefaction and fermentation; parasites introduced in food. Adulteration of food; methods of detecting adulteration. Methods and appliances for cooking food; general composition and dietetic value of meat, fish, bread, vegetables, fruit, milk, butter, cheese, eggs, tea, coffee, cocoa, condiments, sugar, and fermented beverages; brewing. Origin, composition, and classification of soils; moisture, air, and heat of soils; selection of building-sites; climate, temperature, sunshine, humidity, winds; properties of materials used in construction of various parts of a building; cause and prevention of damp; floor and wall coverings; methods and appliances for heating and lighting buildings. Materials and principles of clothing for children and adults. Disposal of surface and rain water, of excreta and house-refuse; construction and laying of drains, drain-testing; effects of sewer-gas; disinfectants, antiseptics, and deodorizers. Cleanliness, and attention to action of skin and bowels; use of soap; exercise; care of eyesight; rest, sleep. Influence of temperament, habits, idiosyncrasy, and heredity. Infection and disinfection. Parasites. The bearing of vital statistics on questions of public hygiene.
A candidate in Hygiene will be required to forward to the Department, before the examination, a certificate on the prescribed form that he has gone through a sufficient course of practical work in the subject occupying at least eighty hours.

Division II.

(34) to (40).—In Languages other than English candidates will be required to show reasonable proficiency in translating from and into the language chosen; to show a knowledge of certain special books; and to answer questions in grammar arising out of the special books. In each language one or more special books will be prescribed from time to time and duly announced. At least one of the passages set for translation from the language shall be taken from a special book so prescribed, and part of the work set for translation into the language shall be based upon the vocabulary and diction of one of such prescribed special books.*
Questions may also be set to test an elementary knowledge of a period in the national or literary history, as may from time to time be specified in the announcement relating to special books.

(41.) Pure Mathematics.—Every candidate must be provided with a ruler graduated in inches and tenths and in centimeters and millimeters, a small set-square, a protractor or scale of chords, compasses with pencil-point, and a fine pencil. Tables of logarithms will be supplied.
(a.) Arithmetic: Contracted and approximate methods of multiplying and dividing numbers, so as to omit all unnecessary figures; use of rough checks, especially with regard to the position of the decimal point; use of such expressions as 1·732 × 10⁴ for 17320, and 1·732 × 10⁻³ for ·001732. Meaning of a common logarithm; use of logarithmic tables of four or five figures. Calculation of numerical values from formulae. Working of problems in practice, interest, &c., by decimals; use of squared paper, and application of graphical methods to arithmetical problems.

*The provisions relating to special books shall not, until further notice, apply to Maori.