Mar. 27.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 1057

a strong magnet; law of oscillations; use of the method of oscillations in comparing the force of the earth’s magnetism at a place with that of a magnet at the same place, in comparing the strength of two magnets, and in examining the surface distribution along a bar magnet. Terrestrial magnetism; declination and mariner’s compass; inclination and the dip-needle; determination of the magnetic meridian, and of the dip at a place; the magnetic elements of a place; comparison of horizontal forces at different places; the explanation of the behaviour of a compass-needle and of a dip-needle at various places on the earth’s surface; magnetization of a steel bar under the influence of the earth’s magnetism.

Statical Electricity: Two kinds of electrification, their simultaneous and equal development, and their mutual reactions; conductors and non-conductors; electrification by contact; influence of a charged body on earth-connected and on insulated bodies; “free” and “bound” electricity. Gold-leaf electroscope; the electrification of it by contact and by influence; the interpretation of its indications; the use of it in examining the seat and distribution of charges on solid and on hollow conductors of various shapes. The electrophorus and frictional electrical machines; the action of sharp points. Laws of electric action; electrostatic units; capacity; potential; the relation between the quantity of electricity and the capacity and potential of a charged sphere; surface density; energy of discharge; the use of the electroscope in examining the effects of alteration of the area of a charged body on the density of its charge, the disturbance of the distribution of the charge on a body produced by the presence of another charged body, and the electrical condition of a hollow conductor enclosing a charged insulated body; electric screens; subdivision and redistribution of charges on spheres of equal and of different radii after contact. The Leyden jar; conditions on which its capacity depends; its charge and discharge; the seat of the charge. Description and construction and principles involved in the use of electrostatic induction machines, condensers, and the quadrant electrometer.

Current Electricity: The parts of a simple voltaic cell and chemical action within it; polarisation, its cause and effects; the chief kinds of voltaic cell; conditions which a good cell should fulfil; Ohm’s law, and simple applications of it; absolute and practical units; the total and the available electro-motive force in a circuit; combinations of cells to form batteries; magnetic effect of the current. Magnetic properties of a coiled conductor; Maxwell’s rule; De la Rive’s floating battery. The mutual action of currents upon one another and the interaction of currents and magnets. The magnetic circuit; reluctance; electro-magnets; graphic representation of lines of force due to a solenoid and to an electro-magnet. Conductance and resistance of wires; resistance of conductors in series and in parallel; shunts. Methods for the measurement of the strength of currents, electro-motive forces, resistances, and power. Principles on which these methods depend; construction and use of instruments required for their practical application. Development and distribution of heat in a circuit; Joule’s law; electric lamps; thermo-electricity. Chemical effect of the current; electrolysis of water, of hydrochloric acid, of sulphate of copper, and nitrate of silver; voltmeters and the use of them; electric energy and power; available and wasted power. Induction of currents. General principles of the construction and description of simple forms of continuous-current dynamos and motors.

(15.) Chemistry.—Candidates will be expected to show that they have an experimental, as well as a theoretical,