May 14.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 761

15. The construction of the problems mentioned in paragraph 14 must be shown as follows :-

(a.) A circle should be drawn projected on the plane of the horizon—unless the problem can be solved better otherwise—and a correct figure drawn in it, the magnitude of the sides and angles being estimated approximately by the eye.

(b.) The sides and angles used in solving the problem should be marked by distinguishing letters in the figure, and the candidate should for each fresh computation write down clearly what is given and what he is required to find, together with the formula which he proposes to use.

(c.) Opposite each quantity in the computation he should put the letters denoting the part of the triangle which it represents, writing “comp” before the letters when the quantity is the complement of that part of the triangle.

Candidates will not be required to enter into the mathematical investigation of the rules and formulae used in the solution of problems involving oblique-angled spherical triangles, but credit will be given to any candidate showing such knowledge. When, however, a problem or part of a problem is solved by right-angled spherical trigonometry, the simple process of deducing the formula from the figure, by Napier’s rules for circular parts or other method, must be shown.

Where a problem is solved by right-angled plane trigonometry, the deduction of the formula for each of the computations in it must be shown.

The rule for finding the latitude by meridian altitude must be proved by the figure.

16. Examination in Seamanship. — In addition to the qualifications required of an ordinary master, the extra master will be expected to give satisfactory answers to any questions in practical seamanship that the Examiner may think proper to put to him.

Extra Master of a Foreign-going Steamship.

17. Examination in Navigation. — The examination in navigation for an extra master’s certificate for steamships will be precisely the same as that prescribed for an extra master’s certificate.

18. Examination in Seamanship. — In addition to the qualifications required of a master of a foreign-going steamship, the extra master will be expected to give satisfactory answers to any questions appertaining to the management of a steamship that the Examiner may think proper to put to him.

FAILURE IN EXAMINATION.

19. In all cases of failure the candidate must be examined anew. If a candidate fails in seamanship he will not be re-examined until after a lapse of six months. Whether the whole or part of this period must be served at sea must depend upon the subjects in seamanship in which the candidate failed, but the amount of further sea service to be required will be left to the discretion of the Marine Department.

20. The Examiner, in making his report on Form Ex. 14, should state what amount, if any, of further sea service the candidate must perform, and he should also insert this information under Division H in Form Exn. 2.

21. If a candidate fails three times in navigation within three months, he will not be re-examined until after a lapse of three months from the date of the last failure.

22. Candidates for extra master’s certificate, or for extra master’s certificate for steamships, will not be allowed to present themselves for examination more than three times within a period of twelve months.

23. If a candidate has failed in his examination, but the subjects in which he has failed are not included in the subjects required for a certificate of a lower grade, he may, if he desires it, receive a certificate of such lower grade.

24. If a candidate fails in his examination half the fee will be returned to him.

25. If a candidate fails for bad spelling or writing, he will not be re-examined until after a lapse of at least three months. If he fails for ignorance of the English language he will not be re-examined until after a lapse of six months.

26. If a candidate fails in seamanship so far as regards the management of square-rigged sailing-vessels, in his examination for an ordinary certificate, he may, if qualified as to service, without further formal application or further payment of fee, proceed with the examination for a certificate of competency for foreign-going steamships, or for fore-and-aft rigged vessels. And if a candidate fails in the same manner in his examination for an extra master’s certificate, he may, under the same conditions as above, proceed with the examination for an extra certificate for steamships.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS TO EXAMINERS AND CANDIDATES.

27. All instruments necessary for use in the examinations are supplied by the Marine Department.

28. The examination papers of candidates must in all cases be sent to the Principal Examiner in Wellington for his approval, together with the report of the examination on the form Exn. 14. The envelopes containing the examination papers when received from Wellington must on no account be opened by any other officer than the Examiner, and by him only at the commencement of the examination. After the envelopes have been opened, and until the examination papers are again sealed up and despatched to Wellington, the Examiner is expected to take special precautions to preclude the possibility of any person having access to them. The responsibility of insuring that this is effectively done will rest with the Examiner. The envelopes in which the examination papers are returned to the Principal Examiner must be carefully sealed with the official seal at both the top and the bottom, and this must be done under the eye of the Examiner. Should the envelope containing the examination papers appear to have been opened or in any way tampered with on its arrival from Wellington, the Examiner should, if he thinks it necessary, defer the examination until the following day, and telegraph immediately to the Principal Examiner in Wellington for a fresh set of papers. In the event of any case of this kind occurring, a full report of the circumstances, and of the steps taken in the matter, should be immediately forwarded to the Principal Examiner.

29. A candidate will not be allowed to undergo examination twice in the same week, unless, under very special and urgent circumstances, the Marine Department or the Examiner should see fit to relax this rule. In that case a special set of problems should be applied for from Wellington.

30. Before commencing the examination, the tables or desks must be cleared of all scraps of paper or books that are not used in the examination, and care should be taken that the candidates do not bring into the examination-room any book or paper of any description whatever. No person should be allowed in the room during the time of the examination, other than those whose duties require them to be present.

31. No instructors will be allowed on the premises.

32. Candidates will under no pretence whatever be allowed to leave the premises while the examination is proceeding. If a candidate has occasion to visit the retiring-room, he will only be allowed to do so on the completion of the paper on which he may be engaged.

33. Candidates should be so placed as to prevent one copying from the other, and “a communication whatever between the candidates should be allowed.

34. A sheet of blotting-paper should be issued to each candidate with the first examination paper, and it must be returned to the Examiner when the last paper is completed each day. The Examiner will be careful to see that the blotting-paper has not been used by the candidate in solving his problems, or for conveying information to other candidates.

35. The examination papers should be issued to the candidates in half-sheets only, and one at a time. This will prevent a candidate from spreading out the sheets on the table so as to enable his nearest neighbour to look over the problems. It will also enable the Examiner to look over and report upon the work on one half-sheet while the candidate is at work upon another, and so on. When the errors are not too numerous the incorrect problems may be returned to the candidate for correction, but in no case should the errors be pointed out by the Examiner, neither should any marks be made which would indicate how far or to what extent the work is correct. The incorrect problems should not, however, be returned to the candidate for correction a second time, and should more than one of the problems, or two, if the errors are only slight, be still incorrect, this would involve a failure. It must be understood, however, that the day’s work, latitude by meridian altitude of sun and star, chronometer problem by sun and star, and the Sumner problem must always be correct.

36. At those ports where, from the large number of the candidates, it may sometimes be found impossible to look over the work on the day of examination during the office-hours, an hour in the morning of the following day may be allotted for the purpose of correcting the problems, but in “a case should a candidate have his problem returned to him for correction after he has made the second attempt.

37. In the examinations for certificates as extra master and extra master of a steamship the candidate will be required to complete the whole of his problems and other papers, and they will be dealt with by the Examiner on their merits as a whole on the mark system. If the candidate does not obtain 85 per cent. of the total number of marks allotted for the papers he will be declared to have failed.