MAY 14.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 759

2. Examination in Seamanship.—He must understand and give satisfactory answers on the following subjects:—
   (a.) The standing and running rigging of ships.
   (b.) Bending, unbending, setting, reefing, taking in, and furling sail.
   (c.) Sending masts and yards up and down, &c.
   (d.) Management of a ship when under canvas.
   (e.) Management of a ship’s boat in heavy weather.
   (f.) Dunnaging and stowing cargo, &c.
   (g.) The rule of the road as regards both steamers and sailing-vessels, their regulation lights, and fog and sound signals.
   (h.) The signals of distress, and the signals to be made by ships wanting a pilot, and the liabilities and penalties incurred by the misuse of these signals.
   (i.) The marking and use of the lead and log lines.
   (j.) The use and management of the rocket apparatus in the event of a vessel being stranded.
   (k.) Any questions of a like nature appertaining to the duties of a second mate that the Examiner may think necessary to put to him.
   (l.) Also, questions on the additional subjects which are specified in the rules of examination for second mates’ certificates of competency for foreign-going steamships.

Only and First Mate.

3. Examination in Navigation.—A candidate for an only or first mate’s certificate will be required—
   (a.) To work out any three of the nautical problems prescribed for the second mate’s examination that may be given him by the Examiner, in addition to the chart paper (l) and the oral subjects (m, n, o, p) prescribed for that grade.
   (b.) To compute the time at which a given star will be on the observer’s meridian. [Occasionally by inspection.]
   (c.) To describe where tables giving the names of the principal stars passing the meridian may be found.
   (d.) To describe where the meridian passage of the principal planets may be found.
   (e.) To determine what bright stars will be within an hour or two (or more) of the observer’s meridian at any given time, and whether to the east or west of the meridian, or to north or south of observer.
   (f.) To describe any maps or diagrams known to, and preferred by, the candidate for further facilitating the recognition of the stars and planets.
   (g.) To compute the approximate meridian altitude of one of the stars just found, for setting the sextant.
   (h.) To find the latitude from the meridian altitude of the same star.
   (i.) To find the longitude by chronometer by altitude of a star.
   (j.) To find the true azimuth of a star by the “Time Azimuth” tables, and get the deviation therefrom.
   (k.) To find the latitude by ex-meridian altitude of the sun or a star.
   (l.) To find the line of position and the true bearing of the sun, and the ship’s position, by Sumner’s method by projection.
   (m.) To answer certain questions, oral as well as written, relative to cyclones or revolving storms.

He will be required to answer vivâ voce questions on the following subjects:—
(n.) How to keep a ship’s log-book.
(o.) How to calculate the capacity of a given bunker or hold.
(p.) How to calculate a freight and its commissions.

4. Examination in Seamanship.—In addition to the qualifications required for a second mate’s certificate, an only and first mate will be required to show a knowledge of the following subjects:—
   (a.) Shifting large spars, rigging sheers, taking lower masts in and out.
   (b.) How to moor and unmoor ship; to keep a clear anchor; and to carry out an anchor.
   (c.) How to manage a ship in stormy weather, and to cast a ship on a lee shore.
   (d.) How to secure the masts in the event of accident to the bowsprit.
   (e.) How to rig purchases for getting heavy weights, anchors, machinery, &c. in or out.
   (f.) How to dispose various kinds of cargo and weights in a stiff and in a tender vessel.
   (g.) The ventilation of holds and the stowage of explosives.
   (h.) How to rig a sea-anchor, and what means to employ to keep a vessel, disabled or unmanageable, out of the trough of the sea, and lessen her lee drift.

(i.) How to get a cast of the deep-sea lead in heavy weather.
(j.) Accidents, and how to deal with them.
(k.) Any other questions appertaining to the duties of an only and first mate of a ship which the Examiner may think necessary to put to him.
(l.) Also questions on the additional subjects which are specified in the rules of examination for only and first mates’ certificates of competency for foreign-going steamships.

Master.

5. Examination in Navigation.—A candidate for an ordinary master’s certificate will be required to work out any twelve of the nautical problems prescribed for an only and first mate (including any three of the problems for second mate) that may be given him by the Examiner, in addition to the chart paper, the cyclone paper, and the oral subjects prescribed for a second, only and first mate’s certificate. He will also be required:—
   (a.) To find the latitude by the altitude of the Polar Star at any time.
   (b.) To find the latitude by the meridian altitude of the moon.
   (c.) To find the magnetic bearing of any fixed object when at sea or at anchor from bearings of the object taken with the ship’s head on equidistant compass points, and to compute the deviation therefrom; to construct a deviation curve upon a Napier’s diagram which will be furnished by the Examiner, and show that he understands its practical application; to give satisfactory written and oral answers to certain practical questions as to the effect of the ship’s iron upon the compasses, and the method of determining the deviation, and show how to compensate the deviation by magnets and soft iron by the aid of Beall’s compass deviascope.
   (d.) To find on a chart the course to steer by compass in order to counteract the effect of a given current, and find the distance the ship will make good towards a given point in a given time; and to work out practically the correction to apply to soundings taken at a given time and place to compare with the depth marked on the chart.

He will be required to answer vivâ voce questions on the following subjects:—
(e.) The law as to the engagement and discharge and management of the crew, and the entries to be made in the official log.
(f.) How to prevent and check an outbreak of scurvy on board ship.
(g.) The law as to load-line marks, and the entries and reports to be made respecting them.
(h.) Invoices, charter party, bills of lading, Lloyd’s agent, nature of bottomry, bills of exchange, surveys, averages, &c.
(i.) The prevailing winds and currents of the globe.
(j.) The trade routes.
(k.) Tides.

6. Examination in Seamanship.—In addition to the qualifications required of a second, only and first mate, an ordinary master will be required to show a knowledge of the following subjects:—
   (a.) Construction of jury rudders for both wooden and iron vessels, also rafts.
   (b.) Resources for the preservation of the ship’s crew in the event of wreck.
   (c.) Management of ship in heavy weather.
   (d.) Rescuing the crew of a disabled vessel.
   (e.) Steps to be taken when a ship is on her beam-ends, or in any danger or difficulty, or disabled or unmanageable and on a lee shore.
   (f.) Heaving a keel out.
   (g.) How to proceed when placing a ship in dry dock, and directing repairs, and when putting into port in distress with damage to cargo and ship.
   (h.) Any other question of a like nature appertaining to the management of a ship which the Examiner may think it necessary to touch upon.
   (i.) Also questions on the additional subjects which are specified in the rules of examination for masters’ certificates of competency for foreign-going steamships.

CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY FOR FOREIGN-GOING FORE-AND-AFT RIGGED VESSELS.

7. The examinations for the grades of second mate, only mate, first mate, and master of fore-and-aft rigged vessels will be precisely the same as for the ordinary certificates, excepting that in seamanship a knowledge of the management of square-rigged vessels is not required.