CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLE---Summary of the Records of Temperature, Rainfall, and Sunshine for July 1965---continued

| Station | Height Above M.S.L. | Mean Max. | Mean Min. | Difference From Normal | Absolute Maximum | Date | Absolute Minimum | Date | Total Fall | No. of Rain Days | Difference From Normal | Maximum Fall Amount | Date | Bright Sunshin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rankleburn Forest | 835 | 45·6 | 32·0 | 38·8 | 0·0 | 55·0 | 17 | 25·8 | 15 | 2·96 | 17 | .. | 0·80 | 17 | .. |
| Otautau | 180 | 48·1 | 32·8 | 40·4 | +0·6 | 56·0 | 19 | 25·0 | 13 | 3·66 | 18 | +1·0 | 0·73 | 30 | 94 |
| Gore | 230 | 47·7 | 32·2 | 40·0 | 0·0 | 55·0 | 17 | 25·0 | 13 | 3·27 | 21 | +1·2 | 0·56 | 30 | 78 |
| East Gore | 245 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Pebbly Hills | 138 | 46·3 | 33·6 | 40·0 | −0·1 | 52·0 | 3, 5, 19 | 26·0 | 15 | 3·29 | 24 | +0·8 | 0·71 | 6 | .. |
| Invercargill Airport | 1 | 47·0 | 33·6 | 40·3 | −0·1 | 52·2 | 5 | 25·8 | 12, 13 | 2·98 | 22 | +0·2 | 0·45 | 17 | 84 |
| Milton | 60 | 47·0 | 30·4 | 38·7 | .. | 54·6 | 17 | 24·3 | 12 | 1·52 | 15 | .. | 0·31 | 17 | .. |
| Balclutha | 20 | 46·4 | 31·0 | 38·7 | .. | 52·5 | 19 | 24·6 | 28 | 1·23 | 17 | .. | 0·37 | 17 | 94 |
| Raoul Island | 126 | 64·7 | 55·6 | 60·2 | .. | 69·8 | 7 | 47·8 | 13 | 5·33 | 23 | .. | 1·54 | 25 | 144 |
| Chatham Island | 157 | 49·3 | 40·7 | 45·0 | −0·6 | 55·3 | 26 | 33·7 | 12 | 3·53 | 24 | −0·1 | 0·68 | 31 | 62 |
| Campbell Island | 49 | 44·5 | 35·6 | 40·0 | .. | 49·9 | 28 | 28·4 | 9 | 4·24 | 30 | .. | 0·71 | 17 | 20 |
| Scott Base, Antarctica | 45 | .. | .. | −12·1 | .. | +22·5 | .. | −59·6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |

Supplementary data, sunshine: Foxton, .. hrs.

LATE RETURNS

| Station | Height Above M.S.L. | Mean Max. | Mean Min. | Difference From Normal | Absolute Maximum | Date | Absolute Minimum | Date | Total Fall | No. of Rain Days | Difference From Normal | Maximum Fall Amount | Date | Bright Sunshin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tara Hills, Omarama, June 1965 | 1,600 | 47·6 | 29·3 | 38·4 | +2·3 | 56·6 | 7 | 21·1 | 26 | 1·25 | 9 | 0·0 | 0·62 | 9 | 137 |
| Cherry Farm, Waikouaiti, June 1965 | 21 | 52·4 | 35·2 | 43·8 | +1·7 | 61·0 | 8 | 27·0 | 26 | 2·32 | 13 | +0·2 | 0·59 | 23 | .. |
| Erratum—Owairaka, June 1965 | 133 | 58·2 | 43·8 | 51·0 | −0·7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |

The “normal” refers to the present site of the instruments. The standard periods for normals are: for temperature 1931–60, for rainfall 1921–50, and for sunshine 1935–60. No normals are available for stations with only short records.

NOTES ON THE WEATHER FOR JULY 1965

General:

July was unusually cold, especially in the North Island. It was also notable for the amount of snowfall. The severe winter weather caused a shortage of feed in parts of the North Island but stock remained in good condition.

Rainfall:

Rainfall was mainly close to the average value. However, in Gisborne and Hawke’s Bay, about the Southern Alps, and in coastal Otago it was only three-quarters of the average. On the other hand, in parts of Manawatu and coastal Canterbury it was more than 50 per cent wetter than usual.

Temperatures:

Temperatures were mainly 1–2 degrees below average. However, departures of 2–4 degrees were recorded in two areas, namely, Waikato with western Bay of Plenty, and southern Hawke’s Bay with parts of Manawatu and central Hawke’s Bay. For Te Aroha, Hastings, Palmerston North, and Wellington it was the coldest month since July 1939.

The main snowfall was in the last two to three days of the month, when many parts of the North Island high country were affected, as far north as Waitekauri, near Waihi. About the southern Ruahines falls of up to a foot were reported, with snow still falling at the beginning of August. In inland Canterbury and parts of Otago considerable snow was also reported from the 7th to the 11th. In parts of inland Canterbury snow was lying for nearly the whole month.

Sunshine:

Sunshine was 15 to 30 hours below average in the North Island from Wanganui and Waipukurau southward, also in Northland and Central Otago. Elsewhere it was mainly close to average. However, the Auckland district and South Westland were favoured with a surplus of more than 20 hours.

Weather Sequence:

During the first two days of the month a large anticyclone covered most of the Tasman Sea and extended on to the South Island. However, a large depression was centred to the north-east and pressures were also low to the south of the Chatham Islands. The cold southerlies and south-easterlies which had commenced in the last week of June persisted at first in July, with rain from Wellington to East Cape. As the depressions moved away on the 3rd and 4th the anticyclone covered the whole country, with fine but frosty weather.

Conditions deteriorated on the 5th on the West Coast and in parts of Southland as a depression passed not far to the south and the associated trough of low pressure moved on to the South Island.

During the next two days a depression moved on to the North Island and rain became fairly general, though still missing some eastern districts. A change to south-easterly winds behind another trough of low pressure brought colder temperatures from the 8th to the 11th, with rain extending to eastern districts, while a clearance occurred soon on the West Coast and later in Taranaki. Snow was reported in the MacKenzie country of inland Canterbury and on the North Island high country. A brief respite occurred for most of the country on the 12th under the influence of a ridge of high pressure.

During the next two days light rain set in over the Auckland Province and on the West Coast with the approach of a depression across the North Tasman Sea. As the depression crossed the country on the 15th rain became general, though mainly light in eastern districts, and conditions remained unsettled, especially in western districts, on the following day with the depression to the east of the North Island. Further rain was reported from most districts during the passage of a trough of low pressure on the 17th and 18th. However, Northland, Bay of Plenty, and Canterbury were not affected.

An anticyclone moved from the Tasman Sea across New Zealand and to the east from the 19th to the 22nd. This was welcomed as a period of mainly fair weather. However, rain was reported at times on the West Coast and in Southland.

There was a general deterioration in the weather as a depression moved from the Tasman Sea on to the North Island during the 23rd and 24th. The rain was heavy in some northern and western districts of both Islands. As the depression moved slowly south-eastward during the next two days the weather cleared in Northland, Central Otago, and most of Fiordland. A weak ridge brought fair weather on the 27th, except on the West Coast.

General rain set in, except in eastern districts of the North Island, with the passage of a trough of low pressure and associated small depression on the 28th. During the last three days of the month this depression deepened to the east while pressures rose over the South Tasman Sea. Strong southerlies set in, with very cold temperatures and snow in many districts, especially in the North Island high country. Precipitation was general at first, but a clearance soon occurred on the West Coast. The cold snowy weather was to persist for several days of August in central and eastern districts of the North Island.

R. G. SIMMERS, Director.

(N.Z. Met. S. Misc. Pub. 107)

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