APRIL 5.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 957

(25) HOUSECRAFT.

House: Arrangements of house and position of equipment in kitchen, dining-room, and pantry. Ranges, gas, electric, and oil stoves. Setting and regulation of fires. Suitability of fuels; economy of fuels. Care and cleaning of stoves, kitchen sinks, floors, walls, windows, woodwork, drains, dustbins, and closets. Cleansing materials and appliances. Arrangement of daily and weekly work.

Cookery: The choice and care of cookery utensils. The choice of foods and their cost. Preservation of foods for out-of-season use. The effects of unsound or unsuitable foods. The planning, preparation, and cooking of suitable meals (including school lunches) for the different seasons of the year for a family of adults and children. The serving of meals; table appointments.

Laundry: Choice, cost and care of utensils; labour-saving appliances or devices. Sorting, steeping, washing, and finishing a household wash. The appropriate treatment for the washing and finishing of flannels and woollens, white and coloured cottons, silks, artificial silks, and household linen. The nature and use of hard and soft water, soap, washing-soda, blue, borax, and starch. Simple methods of disinfecting; removal of stains.

The candidate will be required to forward before the date of the examination a certificate in the prescribed form that she has carried out satisfactorily a course of practical work based on the above syllabus.

(26) TECHNICAL ELECTRICITY.

The magnetic circuit treated experimentally. Flux density. Magnetizing force. Permeability and susceptibility. The magnetic properties of iron. Magnetization curves and hysteresis. Permanent magnets.

The electric circuit. Ohm’s law as applied to complete circuits or to parts of circuits. Potential gradient and voltage drop in conductors.

Electro-magnetic induction. Lenz’s law. Elementary treatment of electro-magnetic circuits including simple calculations of induced e.m.f. due to changes of magnetic flux in a circuit.

Materials: Conductors and insulators; their electrical and chief mechanical properties. Specific resistance; simple calculations of resistance when dimensions of conductors are given. Changes in specific resistance of conductors and insulators due to changes in temperature.

The electric current used for heating and lighting. Simple calculations of power consumed and of losses in continuous-current circuits. High-resistance wires, fuses, overload releases. Principles of illuminating; simple photometry; candle-power and foot candle.

Electrolytic properties of electric current. Common primary cells, secondary cells, including lead-acid and Edison cells. Charging, maintenance, and testing of storage batteries.

Measuring Instruments: Moving iron and moving coil instruments—their construction, characteristics, and suitability for either A.C. or D.C. Ammeters, voltmeters, wattmeters, Wheatstone’s Bridge and Potentiometer.

Generators and motors for continuous current. Shunt series and compound windings. Characteristics of these machines. Generators for A.C. current; alternators; single and polyphase generators. Transformers.

Motors for A.C. current. Induction motors for single and three phase current. Slip-ring motors. Starting torque. Starters. Self-regulating properties of motors. Efficiency of motors—variation with size and loading. Testing for faults and general maintenance of motors and dynamos. Applications to specific purposes.

(27) HEAT ENGINES.

Transformation of energy; Joule’s equivalent. Properties of steam. Calorific values of fuels. The perfect gas as working fluid, isothermal and adiabatic expansion and compression. Elementary treatment of Carnot cycle. Ideal indicator diagrams. Applications to steam and internal combustion engine cycles. Indicator diagrams. Indicated and brake horse-power. Thermal and mechanical efficiency. The steam-engine and its chief accessories, including boilers, condensers, feed pumps, and superheaters. The internal-combustion engine and its chief accessories.

The candidates will be expected to be able to make simple calculations in relation to energy transformation, efficiency, and horse-power, and to have an elementary knowledge of the functions of the several parts and accessories of steam or of internal combustion engines (in respect of which alternative questions will be set), but will not be expected to have a knowledge of details of design or construction, nor will applications of mathematics beyond the syllabus of mathematics for the School Certificate be expected.

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