May 18.

EXPORT BUTTER-BOXES GENERALLY.

73. (1) No person, whether as principal or agent, shall
    pack for export or export beyond New Zealand any butter
    except in a rectangular box of one of the types prescribed
    in these regulations.

(2) The types of box in which butter may be packed for
export and exported shall be the types known respectively as
the standard box, the substandard metal-bound box, and the
saranac wire-bound box, and shall comply as to dimensions,
design, material, and construction with the specifications
hereinafter set out so far as applicable to each respective type.

(3) Notwithstanding anything in subclause (1) of this
clause, it shall be lawful for any person with the prior written
consent of the Minister and subject to such conditions as may
be prescribed in such consent to pack butter for export and
export butter beyond New Zealand in a package other than
a rectangular box of one of the types prescribed in these
regulations.

74. Every box of any one of the prescribed types shall
    comply with the following general specifications:

(a) The timber used in the manufacture of box boards
shall be white pine (Podocarpus dacrydioides), silver beech
(Nothofagus menziesii), or other approved species, thoroughly
seasoned, and shall contain not more than 18 per cent. by
weight of moisture after oven-drying to a constant weight.

(b) All boards shall be of timber cut true to shape and free
from bark, cracks, loose knots, pockets of resin, sap stain,
mould, and other defects capable of materially lessening the
strength of the boards or of allowing the contents of the box
to suffer damage or contamination. Cross-cut surfaces shall
be finished smooth and neat. The ends of all boxes shall be
planed smooth on the outside or of veneer finish. The outer
surfaces of the sides, tops, and bottoms, and the inner surfaces
of the ends of boxes, shall be planed smooth, or cut with a
fine band-saw, or of veneer finish.

(c) Except in respect of cleats used in the manufacture
of the Saranac wire-bound box, one species of timber only
shall be used in the manufacture of individual boxes, and all
boxes shall be clean, free from sawdust or other material
capable of damaging the contents.

(d) No box into which any butter has been packed shall
be again used for the same purpose, except with the approval
of the Grader.

(e) All boxes shall, with respect to dimensions, thickness of
boards, reinforcement, nailing, and metal bindings also
comply with the special specifications prescribed in clauses
75, 76, and 77 hereof with respect to the particular type of
box mentioned in those clauses, provided that a variation in
the thickness of boards prescribed in the said clauses not
exceeding 3½ in. nor extending beyond 10 per cent. of the
face of any board shall be allowable.

(f) The ends, sides, tops, and bottoms of boxes shall consist
of single pieces of timber. For the purposes of this paragraph
two-piece boards matched and closely jointed with a dust-
proof joint shall be regarded as single pieces provided that—
(i) No piece shall have a face width at either end of the
board of less than 3 in;
(ii) The joints of the two pieces shall be tongued and grooved
and glued together or tongued and grooved and
reinforced with two corrugated steel fasteners or
lock jointed and glued together or lock jointed and
reinforced with two corrugated steel fasteners:
(iii) When two-piece boards are used for the ends as well
as the sides the boxes shall be so assembled that
the greatest possible distance is obtained between
the respective planes of the joints of the side and
end boards of the box.
(iv) The corrugated steel fasteners (if any) shall be affixed
at third points along each join and shall be 1 in. long
by ³⁄₇ in. deep in respect of boards ⅝ in. and ½ in.
in thickness and 1 in. long by ¼ in. deep in respect
of boards ⅜ in. in thickness. The top end of each
such fastener shall be visible from the outside of
the box.
(g) Strapping wire and staples (if any) used in the fabrica-
tion of boxes shall be treated to protect them from rust.
(h) All boxes shall be so assembled that every joint is light-
proof and dust-proof.

THE STANDARD Box.

75. The standard box shall comply with the specifications
    prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), and (h) of the
    last preceding clause, and shall, in addition, comply with the
    following special specifications:

(a) The inside dimensions shall not exceed 15½ in. long,
10½ in. wide, and 11½ in. deep.

(b) The boards for the ends shall be ⅝ in. in thickness, and
for the sides, top, and bottom ½ in. in thickness.

(c) The boards for the sides, top, and bottom shall be
11½ in. in width, and the top and bottom boards shall com-
pletely cover the edges of the sides of the box.

(d) The outer corners of the top and bottom boards shall
be chamfered.

(e) Flat-headed cement-coated nails 1¾ in. long by 13
gauge shall be used in assembling the box, and all nails shall
be driven flush with the surface of the board.

(f) The boards for the sides shall be affixed to the grain end
of the end boards by not less than five evenly spaced nails
per nailing edge and the boards for the top and bottom shall
be affixed to the side grain of the end boards by not less than
three evenly spaced nails per nailing edge and to the side
boards by not less than two evenly spaced nails per nailing
edge.

(g) Flat-headed cement-coated nails 1¾ in. or 1½ in. long
by 13 gauge shall be used in affixing the board for the top of
the box when packed with butter for export.

(h) Metal bindings may be affixed to the box, and in that
case the provisions of paragraph (h) of the next succeeding
clause shall apply.

THE Substandard Metal-bound Box.

76. The substandard metal-bound box shall comply with
    the specifications prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d),
    (e), (f), (g), and (h) of clause 74 hereof, and shall, in addition,
    comply with the following special specifications:

(a) The inside dimensions shall not exceed 15½ in. long,
10½ in. wide, and 11½ in. deep.

(b) The boards for the ends shall be ⅝ in. in thickness, and
for the sides, top, and bottom shall be ⅜ in. in thickness.

(c) The boards for the sides shall be 11⅛ in. in width, and
for the top and bottom shall be 10⅜ in. in width.

(d) The outer corners of the top and bottom boards shall
be chamfered.

(e) Flat-headed cement-coated nails 1½ in. long by 13
gauge shall be used in assembling the box, and all nails shall
be driven flush with the surface of the board.

(f) The boards for the sides shall be affixed to the grain
end of the end boards by not less than five evenly spaced
nails per nailing-edge and the boards for the top and bottom
shall be affixed to the side grain of the end boards by not
less than three evenly spaced nails per nailing-edge.

(g) Flat-headed cement-coated nails 1½ in. or 1¼ in. long by
13 gauge shall be used in affixing the board for the top of the
box when packed with butter for export.

(h) The box shall be securely bound with metal bindings
of hard unannealed metal having a maximum tensile strength
of approximately 84,000 lb. per square inch and galvanized
or otherwise treated as a protection against rust. The metal
binding may consist of a single flat strap ⅜ in. in width by
0·018 in. in thickness placed centrally around the box and
parallel with the ends, or of two flat straps ⅜ in. in width
by 0·015 in. in thickness, or of two 14-gauge wires placed
around the box 3 in. from the ends and parallel thereto. All
metal bindings shall be so tightened that they will sink well
into the edges of the box and spring the sides inwards. The
ends of the metal straps (if any) shall be fastened by means
of a metal seal and the ends of the wire bindings (if any)
shall be tied by twisting each end along the length of the
wire. All ends shall be finished neat to ensure safe handling
of the box, and shall be so fastened that each joint shall have
a breaking strength of not less than 75 per cent. of the
maximum strength of the binding.

THE SARANAC Wire-bound Box.

77. The Saranac wire-bound box shall comply with the
    specifications prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (e),
    (g), and (h) of clause 74 hereof, and shall, in addition, comply
    with the following special specifications:

(a) The box, prior to the insertion of the ends, shall consist
of a mat comprising the top, sides, and bottom connected by
continuous steel binding wires, and of separate ends. Each
of the separate sections forming the sides, top, and bottom
shall consist of a thin board wired, stapled, and cleated as
hereinafter provided.

(b) The inside dimensions shall not exceed 15½ in. long,
10½ in. wide, and 10⅜ in. deep.

(c) The boards for the ends, sides, top, and bottom shall be
¼ in. in thickness.

(d) The ends, sides, top, and bottom of the box shall consist
of single pieces of timber. For the purposes of this paragraph
two-piece boards matched and closely jointed with a dust-
proof joint shall be regarded as single pieces provided that—
(i) No piece shall have a face width at either end of less
than 3 in. :
(ii) No such two-piece board shall be used for the ends:
(iii) When two-piece boards are used for more than one of
the four boards comprising the sides, top, and
bottom, the box shall be so assembled that no two
of the narrower pieces comprising such two-piece
boards are contiguous at the corners of the box.