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sulation to prevent contact between such metal and the metal
guard, or when the lamp is in position and the guard is
removed between such metal and the user.

159. The handle of every hand-lamp (not being a hand-
     lamp made entirely of metal as specified in the last preceding
     regulation) shall be made of treated hardwood, or of some
     suitable non-ignitable composite insulating material capable
     of withstanding rough usage in service.

160. Where portable fittings, appliances, or accessories are
     likely to be used, the pressure between any two points in one
     room or compartment shall not exceed 250 volts, unless the
     fittings, appliances, or accessories between which there may be
     a higher pressure are so situated that they cannot be brought
     within 6 ft. of each other, or, alternatively, unless the metal
     frames and sheathings of all such portable appliances and
     accessories are earthed.

161. (1) Flexible conductors of portable fittings or
     apparatus consuming not over 1 ampere shall be connected
     through wall-plugs or adapters fitted to lamp-holders.
     (2) If over 1 ampere they shall be connected through wall-
     plugs only.

BASE-BLOCKS.

162. Fittings shall be mounted on a base-block.

ACCESSORIES.

FIXING OF ACCESSORIES.

163. Accessories other than fuses shall be mounted on a
     base-block unless they are completely enclosed in metallic
     casing, and where the surface on which it is mounted is liable
     to become damp the base-block shall be rendered impervious
     to moisture.

CEILING-ROSES.

164. (1) Ceiling-roses shall not be used for pressures ex-
     ceeding 250 volts.
     (2) Not more than two twin flexible cords shall be attached
     to one ceiling-rose unless it is specially designed for multiple
     pendants.
     (3) Ceiling-roses shall comply with the requirements of
     British Standard Specification No. 67.

LAMP-HOLDERS.

165. Lamp-holders shall comply with the appropriate
     British Standard Specification. Lamp-holders in weather-
     proof portable hand-lamps shall have their uninsulated metal
     parts in metallic contact with the frames of such fittings.

166. (1) Switch lamp-holders shall not be used unless they
     are of the types approved by the Chief Electrical Engineer.
     (2) Switch lamp-holders shall be controlled by a wall-switch
     in groups of not more than ten, every such group having at
     least one lamp in the room or compartment controlled solely
     by the wall-switch.

167. In the case of screw lamp-holders, the live conductor
     shall be connected to the centre contact.

168. The resistance and solenoid shall be completely
     enclosed in a metal case, and any apertures in the case for
     purposes of ventilation shall be made only on the sides and
     be covered with fine wire gauze.

169. In positions where inflammable or explosive dust or
     gases are liable to be present mercury-vapour lamps shall
     not be used.

ARC LAMPS.

176. Arc lamps shall have the whole of their live parts
     insulated from the frame or case, and the case shall be
     insulated from earth. The lamps shall be so fixed that they
     cannot swing into contact with any substances metallic or
     otherwise, that might connect them with earth.

177. (1) Where the floor immediately underneath an arc
     lamp is formed of combustible material, or where heated
     particles of carbon might fall and constitute a danger to
     persons walking underneath, every such arc lamp, except as
     provided in the next succeeding regulation, shall be provided
     with a globe or lantern arranged to intercept such falling
     particles of carbon.
     (2) Globes of 12 in. diameter and over shall be contained
     within wire netting of not greater than 3 in. mesh, so
     arranged as to prevent pieces of broken glass falling there-
     from.

178. In all situations in which an open arc is essential, as
     in photographic work—
     (a) When the lamp is fixed, the floor, unless of incom-
     bustible material, immediately underneath the lamp
     shall be protected from falling particles of carbon by
     an incombustible covering.
     (b) When the lamp is portable, either the floor, unless of
     incombustible material, shall be protected, in every
     place where the lamp may be used, by an incom-
     bustible covering, or a tray of adequate size and
     made of incombustible material shall be permanently
     fixed to the under-side of the lamp.
     (c) The terminals of all lamps when less than 8 ft. from
     the floor, and the terminals of all portable lamps,
     shall be so guarded that they cannot be accidentally
     touched or short-circuited.
     (d) If fitted in situations where combustible material is
     present, open inverted arc lamps shall have metal
     reflectors rigidly attached beneath the arc, which
     at all times shall be below the level of the upper
     edge of the reflector. This reflector shall project
     radially at least 15 in., and in hazardous risks 21 in.,
     measured horizontally beyond the arc.
     (e) Arc lamps shall not be fitted in positions in which
     explosives or inflammable dust or gases may accumu-
     late.
     (f) Every arc-lamp circuit shall be controlled by a fuse
     and switch on each live conductor. Where more
     than one switch is required on any such circuit the
     switches shall be linked.

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208. All live parts shall be so guarded as to prevent acci-
     dental contact therewith.

209. The frame of every resistance and control gear shall
     be provided with a suitable terminal to which the earthing-
     lead can be connected.

210. Resistances shall be so proportioned and placed that
     they do not rise to such a temperature as to impair their
     durability, and they shall be so disposed within their cases
     that no accessible part of such cases shall rise to a tempera-
     ture higher than 176° F.

211. Internal connections the temperature rise of which
     may exceed 86° F. shall not be soldered, and all such con-
     nections, unless self-supporting or rigidly fixed in position,
     shall be continuously insulated with non-ignitable material or
     beads.

212. Suitable terminals with cable-sockets (preferably made
     in accordance with British Standard Specification No. 91)
     shall be provided for the attachment of external leads, and
     shall be so situated that such leads enter the case below the
     resistances, and are not exposed at any point to a high
     temperature.

213. POSITION.

214. Nothing in Regulations 214 and 215 hereof shall
     apply to apparatus having a capacity of less than 60 watts.

215. (1) All resistances and control gear shall, as far as
     possible, be placed—
     (a) In positions in which they will not be exposed to risk of
     mechanical injury or to damage from water, steam,
     or oil :
     (b) In well-ventilated spaces in which inflammable or
     explosive gases or dust cannot accumulate.
     (2) Where necessarily exposed to such conditions as afore-
     said, resistances and control gear shall be completely enclosed:
     and if liable to be exposed to inflammable or explosive gases
     or dust, control gear shall be flame-proof.

216. All woodwork or other combustible material which is
     within a distance of 24 in. (measured vertically) above, or
     12 in. (measured vertically) below, or 6 in. (measured in any
     other direction) from the frames or cases containing resistances
     shall be protected with non-ignitable material.

ELECTRIC LIFTS.

REQUIREMENTS AS TO LIFTS.

216. Every electrically operated lift shall be operated from
     a circuit which is independent of the lighting installation.

217. The trailing-cable shall be multicore, and shall comprise
     the requisite number of conductors to keep the wiring of the
     control and each set of safety-devices entirely separate.

218. All cables in the lift or hoist shaft, except trailing-
     cables, shall be enclosed in Class T metal conduits, the control
     and motor leads being in separate conduits.

PART VIII.—HEATING, COOKING, AND OTHER
APPLIANCES.

HEATING AND COOKING APPLIANCES.

GENERAL CONSTRUCTION.

219. All heating and cooking appliances shall be so con-
     structed and mounted that their supports and those parts
     which have necessarily to be handled in their operation
     cannot become heated to a temperature exceeding 130° F.
     The heating elements shall be of materials durable at the

220. (1) The hot-plates of all electric ranges operated above
     110 volts to earth shall be ironclad, and the oven elements
     shall be so guarded that the cooking-utensils cannot be
     brought into contact with them, and so that accidental
     personal contact cannot be made.
     (2) On pressures of 110 volts or lower, open-type elements
     may be used; provided that if the pressure is reduced from a
     voltage higher than 110 volts a double-wound transformer
     shall be used.
     (3) This regulation shall come into force on the 1st day of
     January, 1928.

221. (1) Each element shall be protected and controlled
     by a switch and fuse on the live side.
     (2) When a plug-socket is fitted to the appliance it shall
     have a switch and fuse on the live side, and be so mounted
     as to secure freedom from electrical hazard. This plug shall
     have a separate contact connected to earth, and any portable
     apparatus used from this plug shall be earthed in accordance
     with the requirements of Part XI hereof.

CONTROL.

225. (1) Appliances shall be protected by a fuse on each
     live conductor.
     (2) Appliances shall be controlled as a whole by a switch
     on each live conductor and such switch shall be mounted on
     the wall adjacent to and within easy reach of such appliance.
     If more than one switch is so used for any one appliance,
     all such switches shall be linked.
     (3) The wiring to fixed appliances shall be in screwed
     conduit connected mechanically and electrically to the metal
     frame of the appliance: Provided that flexible metallic
     conduit may be used between the wall and the appliance if
     connected mechanically to the screwed conduit and the metal
     frame of the appliance.
     (4) For the purpose of this regulation a fixed appliance is
     one which is obviously intended by size, weight, and con-
     struction to be secured in a fixed position.

PORTABLE APPLIANCES.

226. Portable appliances shall be of such shape or be so
     weighted that they cannot be easily overturned.

227. (1) Heating-points shall each be rated at not less than
     1,000 watts, and shall be controlled by a switch of not less
     than 8 amperes capacity mounted in accordance with the
     requirements of subclause (2) of Regulation 179 hereof. For
     appliances over 1,800 watts the heating-points shall, except
     in the case of a multiple-earthed neutral system, be con-
     trolled by a double-pole switch.
     (2) The minimum size of conductor for any heating-point
     shall be 3/-036 in.
     (3) Switches for heating-points shall not be fixed at a less
     distance than 12 in. from any switch controlling lighting.

228. All portable heating-appliances shall have at least one
     section of the heating element controlled solely by a wall-
     switch.

ELECTRIC WATER-HEATERS.

229. (1) The electric heater shall not be in direct contact
     with any combustible material, and where the heating element
     is mounted at a less distance than 6 in. from the bottom of
     the cylinder the cylinder shall be supported on incombustible
     material.
     (2) Every heater shall be controlled by a switch fixed in
     a readily accessible position.
     (3) Conductors to the heater connection-box shall be en-
     closed in screwed or flexible metallic conduit. Where the
     conductors are subject to temperatures exceeding those speci-