2. Apparatus used.—The form-vision test to be used for all
   candidates is that conducted on Snellen’s principle by means of sheets
   of letters.

3. Object of the Test.—The object of the form-vision test is to
   determine whether the candidate can reach a sufficient standard of
   visual acuteness, or, in other words, to find out whether his eyesight
   is good or bad.

4. Standard of Vision required.—With the exceptions indicated
   below (see para. 8), every candidate for a first certificate of competency
   will be required to possess normal vision. Every candidate for a second
   or higher certificate will be required to possess normal vision.

“Normal vision” is defined, for the purpose of these regulations,
as ability to read correctly nine of the twelve letters in the sixth line,
and eight of the fifteen letters in the seventh line, of a test-sheet
placed in a good light at a distance of 16 ft. from the eye.

5. Spectacles not allowed.—During the examination for form
   vision candidates must not be allowed to use spectacles or glasses of any
   kind, or any other artificial aid to vision.

6. Method of Testing.—The test-sheets should be hung on the
   wall, in a good light, but not in direct sunlight, at a height of 5 ft. or
   6 ft. from the ground. The candidate should be placed at a distance
   of exactly 16 ft. from the sheets, and exactly opposite them. This
   distance should be carefully measured, and should never in any circumstances
   be varied.

   One of the sheets should then be exposed, and the candidate
   should be asked to read the letters on each sheet, beginning at the
   top and going downwards. Any mistakes which he makes should be
   carefully noted. If then it is found that he has read correctly at
   least nine letters in the sixth line and eight letters in the seventh
   line of a sheet the candidate may be considered to have normal
   vision, and should be marked “Passed” in the appropriate column
   of the form of application (Exn. 2 or Exn. 2b, as the case may be).

7. Passing or Failure.—If at the conclusion of the test the
   candidate is found to reach the required standard he may be considered
   to have passed, and the Examiner should proceed to test him for colour
   vision. If the candidate fails to reach the standard required for the
   certificate entered for he should be tested with at least four sheets,
   and the Examiner should fill in a Form Exn. 17b, and should forward it,
   with any remarks he may wish to make, to the Principal Examiner for
   his instructions as to whether the candidate is to be regarded as passing
   or as failing in form vision.

8. Lower Standard required in certain Cases.—Candidates who
   are in possession of certificates obtained before the 1st June, 1914,
   may be regarded as passing in form vision if they can read correctly
   with both eyes at least five of the eight letters in the fifth line of a
   test-sheet.

9. Tests to be varied.—The Examiner should take care, by
   varying the order of the test-sheets and by every other means in his
   power, to guard against the possibility of any deception on the part
   of the candidate.

10. Result of Examination to be reported.—The result of every
    examination in form vision should be reported, in the case of a candidate
    for a certificate of competency, to the Marine Department on Form Exn. 2,
    and to the Principal Examiner of Masters and Mates on Form Exn. 14; and,
    in the case of a candidate for the sight-tests only, to the Marine
    Department on Form Exn. 2b.

II. COLOUR-VISION TEST.

11. Apparatus.—A special lantern and a mirror have been provided
    for this test. The lantern should be placed directly in front
    of the mirror, so that the front part of the lantern is exactly 10 ft.
    from the mirror. Care should be taken that the lantern is properly
    placed—that is to say, the lights reflected in the mirror must show
    clearly when viewed through the rectangular aperture on the left of
    the lantern. The Examiner should always satisfy himself that these
    conditions are fulfilled before commencing the examination.

12. Darkness Adaptation.—It is essential that a candidate should
    be kept in a room which is either completely or partially darkened for
    at least a quarter of an hour before he is required to undergo this test.
    Before the examination commences the Examiner must satisfy
    himself that the room in which it is conducted is so darkened as to
    exclude all daylight.