1422
THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.
[No. 37

the influence of the co-operative movement; the rise and growth of large companies and trusts; the growth of banking; the adoption of the gold standard; and the history of general prices.

(30.) Economic Geography.—Longitude and latitude; great circles, small circles; standard and local time; construction and scale of maps; climate, including rainfall and winds; the division of the world into natural and economic regions; geographical factors controlling the production and exchange of commodities, especially the chief foods and foodstuffs, minerals, and raw materials, and the staple manufactures; distribution of the chief economic plants and animals; factors encouraging or hindering trade.

The paper shall have special reference to Great Britain, to New Zealand, to Australia and the Pacific Islands, and to America—dealing with the chief geographical and local conditions under which commodities are produced and distributed; with the chief trade routes and means of transit; with currencies; with social and political conditions affecting or likely to affect trade with New Zealand; with ports or harbours, coaling-stations; the chief post and telegraph routes; the distribution of population, of minerals, of forests, and of vegetable products; the necessary conditions of development in manufactures, agriculture, and commerce; the distribution of industries.

(31.) Jurisprudence.—The nature of civil law and its relations to other kinds of law; the nature of the State and its functions; the administration of justice and its various forms; the sources of law; the leading divisions of law; the leading ideas involved in a legal system; general principles of legal development; a comparison of the leading principles of English and Roman law (details of these systems are not required).

Candidates may be required to take the B.A. pass paper in this subject.

(32) to (36). The requirements in the English law subjects—Contracts, Law of Property (Part I), Law of Property (Part II), Law of Torts, Criminal Law—shall be the same as the requirements of the examination conducted by the New Zealand University for candidates for admission as solicitors. Candidates taking these subjects may be required to present themselves at that examination.

(37.) Industrial Law.—The law of master and servant, with special reference to the statutory law of New Zealand, dealing with contracts for employment, age, sex, and educational standard of employees; hours and conditions of labour; payment, recovery, and protection of wages; compensation for injury, and settlement of disputes.

(38.) Statistical Method.—Data and forms of returns; tabulation and other forms of reduction of data; averages, the various forms (e.g., median, geometric, mean) and their respective advantages; average and type; distribution about the average, and measurement of dispersion; ascertainment of probability of given deviations; accuracy, and estimation of limits of error; proportional error in results caused by errors in original data; the use of graphical methods in statistics. The use of index numbers for the determination of changes in prices or wages. The commoner forms of statistical fallacy.

(39.) Elementary Actuarial Mathematics.—The use of logarithms and of easy series as applied to interest, mortality tables, insurance, and annuities. Probabilities with reference to easy problems connected with life expectation, insurance, and annuities. Graphical methods applied to easy economic problems. Approximate methods of solving easy actuarial problems; limits of error in the approximations.

(39A.) Elementary Principles of Interest, Life Annuities, and Insurances.—Easy problems relating to compound interest, including annuities certain. Application of the theory of probabilities to life contingencies. The theory of annuities and insurances (including the use of commutation tables and computation of ordinary premiums). The source and characteristics of the principal mortality tables. The valuation of ordinary forms of policies.

(40.) Practice of Life and Accident Insurance.—The nature of insurance contracts generally (including life and accident insurance contracts). The selection of lives for insurance.

(41.) Life and Accident Insurance Book-keeping, with special reference to the books of the Government Insurance Department.

(42.) Life and Accident Insurance Law in New Zealand, and Life and Accident Insurance Companies Law in New Zealand.