1022
THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.
[No. 24

Pipes to be Laid in Concrete.

14. All earthenware pipes shall be carefully laid and bedded on a concrete bed 4 in. thick up to the shoulders, and jointed in 2 to 1 cement mortar. The concrete must be put in carefully round them, and rammed to fill in everything tight. Also, after the cement joint has been made, a scraper must be used inside to remove any mortar that has squeezed in, and the joints left perfectly level. All gully-traps and disconnecting traps must have at least 4 in. of concrete under and around them, and be well bedded in it up to their top.

Drainpipes beneath Buildings.

15. As far as possible no drainpipe shall pass beneath any building. Where, however, this is unavoidable the pipe must be of cast-iron, lead-jointed; or, if of stoneware, the pipe must be bedded in and surrounded with good cement concrete 4 in. in thickness. In every such case the pipe shall be ventilated in the manner directed by the Inspector by a suitable shaft or opening at each end.

Ventilating-shaft, &c.

16. On the sewer side of every disconnector trap a ventilation-shaft shall, if required by the Board, be furnished, having a diameter of 4 in. Such connection shall be made on the top of the drain by means of a vertical branch. No part of such shaft shall be placed inside any building. Such shaft shall be carried to a height not less than 3 ft. above the highest point of the highest roof within a radius of 50 ft. in a horizontal direction from the shaft. A cap or cowl of an approved pattern shall be fixed on the top thereof. The outlet of the ventilation-shaft shall be placed as far away as possible, not being less than 6 ft., measured in any direction, from any window or chimney-top. Where underground every such ventilation-shaft shall be of stoneware drainpipes laid in a workmanlike and efficient manner and to the satisfaction of the Inspector, or of cast-iron pipe with lead or rust joints. To a height of 6 ft. above the surface of the ground the shaft shall be of cast iron, not less than ⅛ in. in thickness, similarly jointed, or of screwed wrought-iron piping; thence to its outlet it may be made of cast iron, screwed wrought-iron pipe, 6 lb. lead or galvanized iron of not less than 22 B.W.G. The connection between the stoneware and the vertical pipe shall be made with cement, which together with all other joints shall be perfectly airtight. If galvanized iron is used the pipes shall be in long lengths, with double lapped and soldered longitudinal joints, and the transverse joints shall be not less than 2 in. in length, slipped or socketed and soldered. The connection between the galvanized-iron pipe and the cast-iron portion of the shaft shall be of lead run in and caulked, the portion of the galvanized-iron pipe inside the socket of the cast-iron pipe being strengthened by a galvanized-iron band, 3 in. wide, of 22 B.W.G. soldered to it. Putty shall not under any circumstances be used for jointing any ventilation-pipes. No angular joints or elbows shall be used below the eaves-level. This shaft shall be properly constructed and supported, and carried in as direct a manner as possible. Where any ventilating-pipe passes through the soffit or eaves of any building it shall be encased by a galvanized-iron sleeve of not less than 22 B.W.G.

Ventilating-pipes.

17. At the head of every house-drain, and at the end of every branch drain if it exceeds 15 ft. in length, a ventilating-pipe with approved top to be provided, carried up at least 3 ft. above the eaves of the most suitable adjacent building or to the ridge of the roof, as may be directed. No communication whatever will be allowed with the interior of any building, except by means of a proper trap, in addition to that fixed by the Board at the boundary, and duly ventilated by a pipe carried up to a sufficient height. Pipes used solely as ventilating-pipes and situated wholly outside buildings may be of cast iron or lead. Where one such pipe only is fixed upon a line of drain its internal diameter shall be not less than 4 in.; where more than one pipe is fixed upon the same line of drain the internal diameter of each pipe shall not be less than 3 in. Ventilation-pipes shall be carried up without angles or horizontal lengths 3 ft. at least above the eaves or better to 3 ft. above the ridge of the highest adjacent building, as may be directed by the Inspector. Rain-water pipes shall not be used as ventilators. As far as possible all ventilating-pipes shall be placed outside buildings.

Soil-pipes not to be placed within Buildings.

18. Soil-pipes shall not be fixed inside any building, but shall be placed outside the walls thereof, and the connection with the closet inside shall be made as short and straight as possible. Every soil-pipe shall be ventilated by being carried up above the roof of the building. No soil-pipe shall be less than 4 in. internal diameter, and no connection thereof for ventilation shall be less than 4 in. internal diameter. Every soil-pipe shall be of cast iron or lead.

Waste and Discharge Pipes.

19. Waste or overflow pipes from sinks, baths, wash-tubs, urinals, or other sanitary fittings must be brought outside the house by the shortest and straightest route, and there discharged over a properly ventilated disconnector-trap. All waste-pipes exceeding 10 ft. in length must be fitted with an anti-siphon vent-pipe. All discharge-pipes to be trapped to the satisfaction of the Inspector. All waste-pipes must have a siphon-trap of the same area fitted close under the intake of waste.

Grease-trap.

20. In case of hotels, boardinghouses, restaurants, and eating-houses there shall be provided, in addition to the above requirements, a suitable grease-trap. No wood will be allowed to be built around sinks unless well bedded around with red-lead putty and to the satisfaction of the Inspector.

Sinks, &c., inside Buildings in Cellars.

21. No sink, gully, water-closet, urinal, bath, lavatory, wash-house, or other appliance for domestic, trade, or manufacturing purpose, necessitating drainage therefrom, will be allowed inside buildings, in cellars or basements, unless absolutely necessary, and for which a special permit has been granted by the Board. In all such cases the outlet-pipe shall be trapped, and shall discharge into an open shaft outside the building, which shall communicate with the drain leading to the sewer by a properly ventilated trap. Special means shall, if required, be provided to ensure a proper supply of water to the said traps.

Removal of Subsoil Water.

22. Subsoil water may, at the option of the Board, be drained away by means of lines of earthenware drainpipes with open joints laid round the building. Such pipes shall not communicate direct with any sewer or drain used for conveying sewage, but shall discharge into an open shaft which shall communicate with the sewer by a proper ventilating-trap.

Inlets to Drains, &c., to be protected with Gratings.

23. All inlets to drains or openings for ventilation shall be efficiently protected by proper gratings of ample area. The aggregate area of the apertures in any grating covering a ventilation opening shall be not less than the sectional area of the pipe or drain to which such grating is fixed.

Drains to be Self-cleaning.

24. Every drain shall be so arranged as to be self-cleaning, in order that it may remain at all times free from deposit. Where this cannot be effected without flushing proper flushing apparatus shall be provided in the manner directed by the Inspector.

Construction of Water-closets.

25. The seats of all water-closets shall be so constructed as to be easily removable, in order that every part of the closet may be inspected with facility. The trap of every water-closet shall be provided with a ventilating-pipe at least 2 in. in diameter. Should the closet be situated in a detached building the ventilating-pipe may be abandoned, provided that the closet is on the same line of drain as the terminal ventilator, and not more than 12 ft. from such terminal ventilator. The ventilating-pipe shall be composed of drawn-lead piping whilst inside any building. On the outside of such building drawn-lead or 22 B.W.G. galvanized iron may be used to carry the pipe 3 ft. along the eaves of such building or into such portion of main ventilator or soil-pipe (situated outside the building) as may be directed by the Inspector.

Supply-cisterns.

26. No water-closet shall be directly connected with the borough water-supply or any other water-supply, but shall be supplied by a separate cistern of approved construction containing and delivering at each flush not less than 3 gallons nor more than 4 gallons, fitted with an efficient ball-cock, and an overflow-pipe discharging into the open air. The service-pipe from the cistern to the closet to be not less than 1¼ in. diameter; the bottom of the cistern to be at least 5 ft. above the closet-seat.