supply-current. Suitable means shall be provided for indicating leakage on the line. Every leakage shall be remedied without delay. Tests shall be made weekly, and recorded by the licensee.
31. Transformers shall have easily removable fuses for the primary circuit, and shall, as far as possible, be installed in small enclosures accessible only to the licensee's officers or servants. Transformers for use outside shall be fitted with watertight cast-iron cases, and shall be affixed to poles so as to be inaccessible except by the use of a ladder or other special appliance. Every transformer shall have its iron case effectively connected with earth.
32. Conductors used for making the lightning-guard and transformer-case earth connections shall be of copper, and shall have an area of at least 0'023 square inches. They shall be securely fastened to the poles, and shall be protected by a batten for a distance of 8 ft. from the ground. They shall be run as straight as possible, and be properly connected to an earth plate. A test shall be made every three months, and oftener if required, of all earths, to ensure that the earth-wire is intact and that the earth is effective.
33. Where poles are carrying low-tension wires, the spans shall not exceed 200 ft. where the direction of the line is straight, or 150 ft. where the direction is curved or where the wires make a horizontal angle at the point of support.
34. The low-tension distribution shall be on the three-phase four-wire system, one-phase wire and the neutral being used for single-phase service. The neutral point of the secondary windings of all distribution transformers shall be effectively earthed at the site of the transformers. The distribution voltages shall be approximately 400 volts between phase wires and 230 volts from any phase wire to the earthed neutral. The supply to street lighting incandescent lamps and to private consumers for lighting purposes shall be at 230 volts. Where cables are led to and from transformer-enclosures they shall be protected on the poles by being run in iron pipes, which shall be effectively earthed. The low-tension wires shall be covered with triple braiding impregnated with weather-proofing compound, provided that the neutral wire may be bare. They shall consist of hard-drawn copper or aluminium, and shall be placed, where they run on roads or streets, on the opposite side of the roads or streets where any telegraph or telephone line exists at the time of their erection, unless otherwise permitted by the Minister of Telegraphs.
35. Where the erection of the electric lines or wires necessitates the alteration of existing telegraph or telephone lines or wires, the expense of such alteration shall be borne by the licensee.
36. The sectional area of the conductor in any electric line for distribution purposes laid or erected in any street shall not be less than the area of a No. 10 S.W.G. wire.
37. All material used for insulating electric lines or apparatus shall be of the best quality, and thoroughly durable and efficient, having regard to the conditions of its use. Suitable provision shall be made where necessary for the protection of the insulating material against injury or removal. If the protection so provided be wholly or partly metallic it shall be efficiently connected with earth.
38. Any metallic body to be "efficiently connected with earth" shall be connected with the general mass of the earth in such manner as will ensure at all times an immediate and safe discharge of electrical energy.
39. Every support for an aerial line shall be properly stayed against forces due to wind-pressure, change of direction of the line, or unequal lengths of span. The factor of safety shall be for all aerial lines and wires and for all other parts of the structure at least 5, taking the maximum possible wind-pressure at 30 lb. per square foot.
40. The low-tension wires shall be attached to double-shed porcelain insulators carried on cross-arms of suitable material and cross-section, and they shall be so attached to the insulators or guarded that they cannot fall away from the support.
41. Any aerial wire used either for low-tension distribution or for telephone service shall not in any part thereof be at a less height from the ground than 18ft., or within 5 ft. measured horizontally or vertically from any building or erection other than a support for the line, except where brought in to a building for the purpose of supply.
42. Service lines from aerial lines shall be led as directly as possible to insulators firmly attached to some portion of the consumer's premises which is not accessible to any person without the use of a ladder or other special appliance. Every portion of any service line which is outside a building but is within 7 ft. from any part of the building shall be rubber-insulated.
43. Where an aerial wire crosses a street, the angle between the line and the direction of the street at the place of crossing shall not be less than 60°, and the spans shall be as short as possible.

44. Where an aerial line crosses or is in proximity to any metallic substance, precautions shall be taken by the licensee against the possibility of the line coming into contact with the metallic substance by breakage or otherwise.
45. Where telegraph or telephone wires are crossed either over or under by the low-pressure electric-light wires, there shall be a distance of at least 3 ft. between the telephone and the electric-light wires, and the former shall, if deemed necessary, be insulated throughout the whole length of the span intersected, and when the crossing is at a telegraph or telephone pole the spans on each side of the pole shall be insulated by the licensee, if so required by the Minister of Telegraphs. The low-pressure wires shall, where deemed necessary, be rubber-insulated at such crossings either over the whole span or over such portion of it as will ensure that uninsulated portions of the telegraph or telephone and of the low-tension electric-light wires shall not come into contact with each other. In cases where it may be deemed not necessary to insulate both classes of wires, either the telegraph and telephone or the electric-light wires shall be insulated as may be considered most suitable. Where it may be required to cross through telegraph or telephone wires with low-tension distribution-wires, the latter shall be affixed to porcelain insulators mounted on iron brackets suitably attached to the arms on each side of the line being passed through, and then taken through bell-mouthed iron pipes secured to the arms. The iron pipe and brackets shall be efficiently earthed. The low-pressure wires shall be insulated with vulcanized rubber of 600-megohms-per-mile grade, and the insulation shall extend as is indicated in the preceding part of this clause. This class of insulation shall apply to the low-tension distribution-wires wherever it may be found necessary to cover them with an insulating material. The cost of insulating the telegraph and telephone wires shall be borne by the licensee.
46. Efficient guard-wires or other protection shall, if required by the Minister of Telegraphs, be erected in a manner to meet with the approval of the said Minister at all crossings and places where either transmission or distribution electric-lighting wires intersect telegraph or telephone wires. The licensee shall bear the expense of such guard-wires or other protection in all cases where an electric-lighting wire intersects a telegraph or telephone wire previously existing.
47. Every aerial line, including its supports, its conductors, and their insulating covering, and all the structural parts and electrical appliances and devices belonging to or connected with the line, shall be duly and efficiently supervised and maintained by the licensee as regards both electrical and mechanical conditions.
48. An aerial line shall be removed so soon as it has ceased to be used for the transmission of electricity, unless the licensee intends within a reasonable time again to take it into use.
49. All metal pipes or coverings containing any electric line or wire shall be efficiently connected with earth, and shall be so jointed as to make good electrical connection throughout their whole length.
50. The licensee shall be responsible for all electric lines, fittings, and apparatus belonging to such licensee, or under such licensee's control, which may be upon a consumer's premises, being maintained in a safe condition and in all respects fit for supplying energy.
51. In delivering the energy to a consumer's terminals the licensee shall exercise all due precautions so as to avoid risk of causing fire on the premises.
52. The maximum working - current in any conductor shall not exceed 1,000 amperes per square inch of section.
53. All electric lines and apparatus on a consumer's premises, excepting such parts as are required to be connected to earth, shall be highly insulated, and be suitable for the voltage at which supply is being given. They shall be thoroughly protected against injury to the insulation and against the access of moisture, and any metal forming part of the electric circuit shall not, unless efficiently connected with earth, be exposed so that it can be touched. All electric lines shall be so fixed and protected as to prevent the possibility of electrical discharge to any adjacent metallic substance.
54. Where service mains terminate on any premises the licensee shall fix double - pole well - protected fuses of at least 2 in. clear break. The consumer shall also place, as near to the entrance-fuses as may be practicable, double-pole main switches of ample carrying-capacity, well insulated, with quick break of sufficient clearance to prevent arcing.
55. The wiring shall be done from distributing-boards, which shall be of incombustible material. Suitable fuses on each pole fitted to engage in spring clips shall be placed on these boards, so that it shall be possible to disconnect any or all circuits from the supply. If double-