Sept. 1.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 3311

by-law, to execute any of the works hereinafter specified :—

(a.) To affix or repair any cistern in connection with a water-closet ;

(b.) To connect any cistern with, or disconnect any cistern from, any water-closet ;

(c.) To affix or repair or remove any basin or pan of or belonging to any water-closet ;

(d.) To affix, repair, or remove any ventilation-pipe in connection with a water-closet, or do any work relating to the ventilation of traps in connection with water-closets ;

(e.) To connect a water-closet with, or disconnect a water-closet from, the soil-pipe thereof ;

(f.) To lay or set up, or repair, or remove the soil-pipe of or belonging to any water-closet ;

(g.) The trapping or any work in connection with trapping water-closets ;

(h.) Any work in connection with the laying-on of the water to, and the trapping and ventilating the traps of urinals ;

(i.) The affixing, repairing, or removing of lead and other safes under closets, baths, sinks, and other conveniences ;

(j.) The affixing, repairing, or removal of overflow or waste pipes connected with baths, sinks, and sanitary conveniences or appliances of any description ;

(k.) The affixing, setting-up, repairing, or removal of the ventilation-shafts required by this by-law ;

(l.) Any plumbing-work in connection with any sanitary convenience or appliance required to be provided, affixed, or set up by virtue of this by-law.

WATER-CLOSETS.

39. All closets and other sanitary appliances affected by this part of this by-law shall be equal in quality and efficiency to the models deposited for the purpose in the custody of the Sanitary Inspector.

Every detached building used for the purpose of a water-closet shall be either a new building or shall be in a clean and sound condition, and shall not be less than the following internal dimensions :—

Length … … … 4 ft. 6 in.
Width … … … 3 ft. 6 in.
Height … … … 7 ft. 6 in.

(Measured from floor to top plate.)

The floor, if of wood, shall have 6 in. air-space above ground-level ; if of concrete, it shall be 4 in. thick, finished on the surface with cement-mortar, trowelled smooth.

POSITION OF WATER-CLOSET APARTMENTS.

40. Every water-closet apartment in a building shall be in such a position that one of its sides at least shall be an external wall, which external wall or walls shall abut immediately upon the street or upon a yard or garden or open space of not less than 100 square feet of superficial area, measured horizontally at a point below the floor of such closet. Such water-closet apartment shall not be constructed so that it is entered directly from any room used for any purpose of human habitation, or used for the manufacture, preparation, or storing of food for man, or used as a factory, workshop, or work-place.

Such water-closet apartment shall be constructed so that on any side on which it would abut a room intended for human habitation, or used for the manufacture, preparation, or storage of food for man, or used as a factory, workshop, or work-place, it shall be enclosed by an air-tight partition of brick or other approved material, extending the entire height from floor to ceiling.

WATER-CLOSET APARTMENTS IN EXISTING BUILDINGS.

41. In existing buildings any water-closet apartments shall be subject to the provisions of the foregoing clause, except that if the Sanitary Inspector shall be satisfied that compliance with such provisions is impracticable, he shall certify to that effect, and in such cases it shall not be necessary to so comply.

VENTILATION OF CLOSET APARTMENTS.

42. The external wall of every water-closet apartment inside a building shall be provided with a window having an area, exclusive of frame, of not less than 2 square feet, opening directly to the external air, and shall also be provided with an approved air-outlet near or in the ceiling, having an area of not less than 60 square inches.

In the case of a fully detached closet building, or one attached to an outhouse, light and ventilation shall be provided for as above or by shortening the door from the top so as to leave an opening of not less than 2 square feet.

FORM OF WATER-CLOSETS.

43. Water-closets shall be made of glazed stoneware or fireclay, and for general use shall be pedestal wash-down closets of a pattern approved by the Sanitary Inspector.

Siphonic or valve closets of approved forms may be used if preferred to wash-down closets.

Latrines for schools and factories shall be made of approved materials, and shall be constructed on the siphonic discharge principle with separately trapped basins.

WATER-CLOSET SEATS.

44. Pedestal water-closet seats shall be of polished wood, hinged to lift up, and provided with rubber buffers to prevent any damage to closet basins. Such seats shall be securely fixed to the wall by brackets or other means to the satisfaction of the Sanitary Inspector.

Latrine closet seats shall be of dressed wood, so constructed as to give ready access to all external parts of the closets.

WATER-SUPPLY TO CLOSETS.

45. No water-closet shall be connected with any water-supply directly, but shall be provided with a separate cistern for flushing purposes. Such cistern shall be made of approved materials, and of a capacity to contain and deliver at each flush not less than three gallons or more than three and a half gallons. The water connection to such cistern shall be provided with a high-pressure stop-cock to govern the supply, which shall be fixed in a convenient position for access.

Such cistern shall be fitted with an approved ball cock, which shall be properly and firmly connected to the cistern. The water connection between the ball tap and galvanized-iron water-pipe shall be made with brass caps and linings wiped to a piece of 6-lb.-lead water-pipe. The flushing arrangement shall be of an approved siphonic waste-preventing form, and the lever and chain pull and handle in connection therewith shall be strong and securely attached to the cistern and lever.

When cisterns are fixed outside they shall be provided with an approved metal lid, with suitable catches to secure it to the cistern.

Closet cisterns shall be fitted with an overflow-pipe ¾ in. diameter, which shall be carried to discharge in the open air.

The cistern shall be fixed so that the bottom shall not be less than 5 ft. above the closet seat.

Cisterns shall be supported by strong brackets, or by other approved methods.

The flush-pipe from the cistern to the closet shall be of lead or galvanized wrought-iron piping, 1½ in. diameter, connected to the cistern by means of a brass cap and lining, and to the closet basin by means of a lead cap joint as set forth in the specification hereto. Flush-pipes when of lead shall have an approved buffer clip fixed to prevent crushing by the closet seat when thrown back. Flush-pipes shall be properly and securely fixed to the wall. For latrine closets approved automatic flushing-cisterns shall be used, of adequate capacity, and timed to discharge at least every four hours.

WATER-CLOSET SAFES.

46. A 4 lb. sheet-lead safe extending at least 1 ft. in front of the base of the closet, and turned up at least 2 in. high on the sides, shall be provided under all closets fixed inside buildings. Such safes shall be provided with a waste-pipe of lead not less than 1¼ in. in diameter, properly grated, and discharging into the open air through the nearest external wall. The end of this waste-pipe shall be covered with an approved hinged metal flap.

SOIL-PIPES.

47. The soil-pipe of every closet shall be fixed on the outside of the building, and shall be 4 in. internal diameter, made of drawn-lead pipe, 6 lb. to the square foot, with properly wiped plumbing joints, and shall be secured with strong lead tacks or bands as nearly as possible at 5 ft. centres for vertical pipes and 2 ft. 6 in. centres for horizontal pipes, or of cast-iron socketed pipes, ⅜ in. thick, properly coated to prevent oxidation, and shall be jointed with spunyarn and molten lead, caulked at least 1½ in. deep. The soil-pipe shall be connected direct to the drain, and there shall be no trap or obstruction between the boundary disconnecting trap in the drain and the terminal of the soil-pipe ventilator.

No waste-pipe from any bath, lavatory, safe, or rain-water pipe shall be connected with a soil-pipe, or the waste from any sink other than those fixed for the reception of bedroom slops.

VENTILATION OF SOIL-PIPES.

48. Main soil-pipes and branch soil-pipes 12 ft. or more in length shall be extended from the highest branch closet