Aug. 2.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 3071
$(g.)$ Stowage of grain cargoes.
$(h.)$ The effects of the screw-race upon the rudder;
and the effect produced on the direction of
the head of the ship by going [ahead] [astern]
with a [right] [left] handed screw when the
rudder is [ported] [starboarded]; also, the
effect of twin screws under the same conditions,
and when going ahead with one and reversing
the other, &c., &c.
(i.) How to rig a sea-anchor, and what means to
employ to keep a steamer, with her machinery
disabled, out of the trough of the sea, and to
lessen her lee drift.
(j.) How to turn a steamship short round.
(k.) How to get a cast of the deep-sea lead in heavy
weather.
(l.) Any other questions of a like nature appertaining
to the duties of a first mate of a steamship
which the Examiner may think necessary to put
to him.
55. MASTER.—The qualifications as to age and service
are the same as for a master's ordinary certificate for
a foreign-going ship (see par. 39), excepting that the
service required as officer must have been performed in
steamships, and that no service in square-rigged vessels
is required.
56. Examination in Navigation.—The examination
in navigation for a master's certificate for foreign-going
steamships will be precisely the same as that prescribed
for an ordinary master's certificate. (See par. 40.)
57. Examination in Seamanship.—In addition to the
qualifications required for the grades of second and first
mate, a master will be required to show a knowledge of
the following subjects:
(a.) Construction of rafts and jury-rudders suitable
for screw-steamships.
(b.) The preservation of the ship's crew in the event
of wreck.
(c.) Management of steamships in heavy weather.
(d.) Rescuing the crew of a disabled ship.
(e.) Steps to be taken when a vessel is on her beam-
ends or disabled and on a lee shore.
(f.) How to use steam-appliances in the event of fire.
(g.) Economy in coal-consumption.
(h.) The best arrangement for towing vessels under
different circumstances.
(i.) Placing ship in dry-dock; directing repairs, and
the mode of procedure when putting into port
in distress with damage to cargo and ship.
(j.) Any other questions of a like nature appertaining
to the management of a steamship which the
Examiner may think it necessary to put to him.
58. A candidate possessing a certificate for foreign-
going steamships, and desiring to be examined for an
ordinary certificate, must prove that he has served at
sea at least one year in a square-rigged sailing-vessel,
unless he has previously held an ordinary certificate of
a lower grade.
Certificates for Home-trade Ships.
59. SECOND MATE.—A candidate for a home-trade
second mate's certificate must be not less than seven-
teen years of age, and must have served four years at
sea, or in extended river limits.
60. Examination in Navigation.—A candidate for a
second mate's certificate will be required—
(a.) To be able to read, to write a legible hand, and
to spell with moderate correctness.
(b.) To understand the first five rules of arithmetic,
both simple and compound.
(c.) To be able to take a bearing by compass, and be
able to find the distance from a point or light
by the methods shown in the “New Zealand
Nautical Almanac” of 1910, on pages 83 and
B
84; or on pages 79 and 80 of the A, B, and
C Azimuth Tables, published by the Marine
Department.
(d.) He must show a competent knowledge of the In-
ternational Code of Signals.
61. Examination in Seamanship.—He must under-
stand and give satisfactory answers on the following
subjects:
(a.) The standing and running rigging of steamships.
(b.) Bending, unbending, setting, reefing, taking in
and furling sail.
(c.) Management of ship's boats in heavy weather.
(d.) Dunnaging and stowing cargo, &c.
(e.) The rule of the road as regards both steamers
and sailing-vessels, their regulation lights, and
fog and sound signals.
(f.) The signals of distress, and the signals to be made
by ships wanting a pilot, and the liabilities
and penalties incurred by the misuse of these
signals.
(g.) The marking and use of the lead and log lines.
(h.) The use and management of the rocket apparatus
in the event of a vessel being stranded, and
a knowledge as to the ports in New Zealand
where such rocket apparatus for saving life has
been placed.
(i.) The construction, use and action of the sluices,
and of the water-ballast tanks.
(j.) Engine-room telegraph, &c.
(k.) Any other questions of a like nature appertaining
to the duties of the second mate of a home-
trade vessel which the Examiner may think
necessary to ask.
62. MATE.—A candidate must be not less than nine-
teen years of age, and have served four years at sea, or
in extended river limits.
63. Examination in Navigation.—In addition to the
subjects of examination required to qualify for a second
mate of a home-trade vessel, a mate will also be re-
quired—
(a.) To find on either a “true” or “magnetic”
chart the course to steer, and the 'distance
from one given position to another; to find
the ship's positions on the chart from cross-
bearings of two objects, and from two bearings
of the same or different objects, the course and
distance run between taking the bearings being
given, and also the distance of the ship from
the object at the time of taking the second
bearing; and to state what the small numbers
and roman numerals found on a chart indicate,
and give a method of finding approximately
the time of high water at any given place
without the aid of the Admiralty or other tide-
tables. (See Appendix G.)
(b.) He must know the general tide, bar, harbour,
and storm signals to be used at all New Zealand
ports, as given in the “New Zealand Nautical
Almanac.”
(c.) He must also know both the Morse and British
movable-semaphore alphabets, and have a good
working-knowledge of the International Code
of Signals and British Signal Manual.
64. Examination in Seamanship.—In addition to the
qualifications required for the grade of second mate, a
mate will be required to show a knowledge of the follow-
ing subjects:
(a.) How to moor and unmoor ship, to keep a clear
anchor, and to carry out an anchor.
(b.) The ventilation of holds and the stowage of
explosives.
(c.) How to rig a sea-anchor, and what means to
employ to keep a vessel disabled or unmanage-
able out of the trough of the sea, and lessen
her lee drift.