3042
THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.
No. 98

the fat in milk and in its products. Acidity and the estimation of acidity. Sampling. The care of milk. Influence of temperature on *milk. Sterilising milk. Objections to the use of chemical preservatives. Conveyance of milk. Experimental proof that souring of milk is due to bacterial activity. Sources of bacterial contamination. Injurious bacteria of milk. Milk in relation to disease.

Methods of raising and separating cream. The ripening of cream. Use of starters. The process of churning. Composition of butter. Washing, working, and salting butter. Bacterial faults in butter.

Rennet, how prepared ; its action on milk ; the determination of its strength. Composition of whey. Process of cheddar-cheese making. Ripening of cheese ; the changes which occur and the agents at work.

The examination may also include practical work based on the foregoing syllabus.

(33.) Modelling in Plasticine or Clay, Paper-work, and Bricklaying.—Modelling: (a.) Modelling “balls” and “strings”; laying thin flat surfaces and cutting out various shapes therefrom; modelling simple leaves; designing, with the foregoing as elements, simple borders, patterns, and ornamental devices. The designs must show that candidates have a knowledge of the elementary principles of design, such as repetition, alternation, radiation, &c.

(b.) Modelling simple ornament in low relief from drawings, photographs, or casts. Modelling in low relief from natural objects or representations of natural objects.

(c.) Modelling in high relief, and in the round, of simple natural forms and common objects.

(d.) Modelling geographical details roughly to scale, and sample relief maps from locality plans or from photographs.

Paper-work: (a.) The use of paper-work as an aid to teaching (i) elementary geometrical notions and the elementary geometry (including areas) of the plane figures prescribed for geometrical drawing in the Public School Syllabus; (ii) elementary arithmetic, including fractions.

(b.) Folding simple objects from explanatory drawings. Drawing the various stages comprised in the folding of such objects.

(c.) Designing simple geometrical borders and patterns with coloured papers either folded or cut. Elements other than those bounded by straight lines will not be required. The designs must show that candidates are acquainted with the elementary principles of design.

(d.) Preparation of courses of work and of notes of lessons suitable for classes up to and including Standard II.

Bricklaying: (a.) Describing and comparing the faces, edges, &c., of a brick and of its parts.

(b.) Describing the position of a brick, or a part of a brick, placed in various positions or forming part of a group of bricks.

(c.) Drawing on squared paper plans and elevations of bricks and parts of bricks either singly or in groups. Laying bricks and parts of bricks either singly or in groups from plans and elevations.

(d.) Designing simple borders and patterns. The designs must show that the candidates are acquainted with the elementary principles of design.

(e.) Building simple solids from drawings or from memory. Making drawings of the courses of bricks making up such solids.

(f.) Preparation of courses of work and of notes of lessons suitable for classes up to and including Standard II.