JUNE 7.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 1471

relatively smaller number of these organs. In either case this method would give us the same result, judging from our experience in testing the eccentric portions of the field of vision with the perimeter.

The method we here speak of shows us also the effect of habit and practice on the colour-perception, and it is worth while to dwell on this point. It not unfrequently happens that persons who by Test No. I. have been noted “incompletely colour-blind,” after they know of their mistake, and have practised themselves in distinguishing colours, will so comport themselves at a second trial that we have to simply mark them as of “feeble colour-sense.” The same will sometimes happen with Test No. II., and it is explainable by what we have said—namely, that between the complete lack of some one colour-sense and the incomplete there is a series of gradations, and that in such cases practice would affect the result of examinations.

All the examples given prove that many seeming trifles and plans are of value in making the examination—amongst others, the keeping the sample a little way off from the heap of worsteds, as also the removal of everything which can cause the examined doubt and uncertainty. We must not, therefore, let them do what many want to do—namely, hold a number of the worsteds in the hand at once. We must make the person being examined place each skein, as he takes it up, either with the sample or else back on the heap. Many who are not clear whether the skein is like the sample or not instinctively put the shades most resembling the test sample at the side of the heap towards it, and thus gradually form a little bridge, but which for correctness they will not vouch for. No such half-measures must, however, be allowed.

3. COLOUR-IGNORANCE TEST.

(1.) The object of this test is simply to ascertain whether the candidate knows the names of the three colours, red, green, and white, which it is important for every seaman to be acquainted with; and the test is to be confined to naming those colours.

(2.) One or two of the purest red and green skeins should be selected from the set of wools, and the candidate should be required to name their colours. He should also be required to name the colour of any white object, such as a piece of white paper.

(3.) If he answers correctly he should be considered to have passed the test. If he makes any mistake he should be tried with the lantern which was formerly used for colour-tests, the plain glass and the standard red and green glasses being employed for the purpose. If he does not name these glasses correctly he should be reported as having failed to pass the test.

(4.) The result of every test should be reported to the Marine Department on the Form Exn. 2, and on Form Exn. 14 when the candidate is up for examination for a certificate of competency, and on Form Exn. 26 when the candidate is up for examination in colours only.

All cases of failure should be reported to the Marine Department on Form Exn. 176.

APPENDIX B.

EXAMINATION-DAYS.

SIGHT-TESTS.

Auckland: Tuesday morning, from 10 to 12, by the Examiners of Masters and Mates.

Wellington: Saturday morning, from 10 to 12, by the Examiners of Masters and Mates.

Lyttelton: Saturday mornings, from 10 to 12, by the Examiner of Masters and Mates.

Port Chalmers: Saturday morning, from 10 to 12, by the Examiner of Masters and Mates.

MASTERS’ AND MATES’ CERTIFICATES.

Auckland: Wednesday in each week.

Wellington: Monday in each week.

Lyttelton: Monday in each week.

Dunedin: Monday in each week.

APPENDIX C.

DEFINITION PAPER.

THE candidate is required to write a short definition or answer, accompanied by a rough sketch or diagram, where applicable, in the case of so many of the following questions as may be marked with a cross by the Examiner. The Examiner will mark not less than ten. Candidates must write clearly and pay attention to the spelling.

1. Great circles.
2. Vertex of a great circle.
3. Small circles.
4. Vertical circles.
5. Right angle.
6. Oblique angle.
7. Obtuse angle.
8. Spherical angle.
9. Arc.
10. Complement of an arc or angle.
11. Supplement of ditto.
12. The equator.
13. The poles.
14. The meridian.
15. The ecliptic.
16. The tropics.
17. Equinoctial.
18. The visible horizon.
19. The sensible horizon.
20. The rational horizon.
21. Artificial horizon and its use.
22. Parallels of latitude.
23. Difference of latitude.
24. Meridianal parts.
25. Longitude.
26. Difference of longitude.
27. Departure.
28. Nautical mile.
29. Rhumb line.
30. Prime meridian.
31. First point of Aries.
32. Prime vertical.
33. Civil time.
34. Astronomical time.
35. Sidereal time.
36. Mean time.
37. Apparent time.
38. Equation of time; why it is used, when it is at a maximum, and when at a minimum.
39. Hour angle of a celestial object.
40. Observed altitude.
41. Apparent altitude.
42. True altitude.
43. Zenith distance.
44. Azimuth.
45. Amplitude.
46. Declination.
47. Polar distance.
48. Right ascension.
49. Dip or depression of the horizon.
50. Refraction.