Jan. 21.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 299

for Standard IV. are given below—one in elementary physics for town schools or large country schools, the other for country schools. These courses are intended as suggestions. Any suitable programme of work drawn up to cover the three or four years of S4 to S6 or S7 will be accepted by the Inspector.

A course of elementary physics for Standard IV. might include such work as is indicated in the following notes, some of the more elementary portions of which may be attempted even before the pupils reach S4 :—

Measurement of lines in inches and sixteenths, in inches and tenths, using decimal points to mark tenths; measurement of length, &c., of desks and other objects, of girth of chest, &c. Take the mean of several measurements. Measurement of lengths in the class-room in feet and inches, in the playground in yards, &c., or in chains, yards, &c., or in chains and links. Measurement of circumference and diameter of circles, as of a penny, and of a cylinder. Ratio of circumference to diameter approximately. Diameter of a sphere.

Divide a square drawn on paper or cardboard into square inches; find area of square. Similarly, find area of a rectangle.

Draw to suitable scales plans of top of desk, table, class-room, &c. Find area of each.

Draw scale of yards and chains. Find area of square chain. Draw to scale plan of acre. Find area in square chains.

Draw square mile to suitable scale. Find area in acres.

Draw playground, or rectangle in playground, to scale. Find area.

Construct table of square measure.

Find surface of a cube or other rectangular solid, of outside of a box, of walls of room, &c.

Wrap paper round cylinder; unroll and find surface.

Find the scale of a map, as of New Zealand, England, or India, taking one degree of latitude as equal to 70 miles; estimate the area of the country, or of some part of it. The estimate may be confirmed by each pupil’s making a tracing of the map, cutting it out, and also cutting out a square piece of paper representing, say, 10,000 square miles. All the tracings should be weighed, then all the squares, and the area calculated.

Draw circle on cardboard; draw two diameters at right angles. Bisect right angles. Divide circumference into 6, 12, 24, parts. Prove angles and sectors equal (by cutting out and superposition). Define degrees.

Construct table of angular measure. Find angles between hands of clock at 1 o’clock, 2 o’clock, &c.

Construct a cardboard protractor; with it construct various angles.

Build up cubes and other rectangular solids with wooden or cardboard cubes, blocks, and slabs. Find volume in cubic inches. Construct table of cubic measure.

Find volume of box, class-room (measuring the height to wall-plate if there is not a horizontal ceiling).

Make a simple lever with a rule or lathe in which the fulcrum is between the power and the weight. Show that power × its arm = weight × its arm.

Make and mount a simple balance; make weights of lead and copper sheeting, or of shot in canvas bags. Weigh various substances, using generally method of double weighings.

Make cubic inch of cardboard, caulking it with wax or candle-grease. Find weight of cubic inch of water in grains. Check by weighing ¼ pint or 5 fluid ounces of water (which contains about 8·66, or 8⅔, cubic inches).

Find weight of cubic inch of wood. Find relative density or weight of wood compared with water; weight of cubic inch of wood, weight of cubic inch of water.

Graduate a glass jar or bottle, with neck removed, into cubic inches, with paper scale gummed outside. Find volume of block of wood by pushing it below surface of water in jar, and noting rise of water; hence find relative density; in like manner, that of a pebble, glass, iron, lead, candle, &c. Find by same graduated jar, the water being removed, relative density of milk, olive-oil, alcohol, turpentine, milk-and-water, salt water, mercury (which may be put into a small bottle and held below surface of water, the volume of the small bottle being first found).

Find volume and relative density of various coins—penny, florin, &c. (Take several pennies, &c., at a time; shake them about so that no air is enclosed.)

Take a flask or bottle, apparently empty; immerse below water, and let water fill it. What escapes from jar?