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controlled by currents produced in said conductor by electro-
magnetic waves, and means for bringing said conductor
into operative relation with either the generating or the
receiving mechanism, substantially as set forth. (18.) In a
system for signalling, &c., by electro-magnetic waves, the
combination of a conductor adapted to radiate and receive
electro-magnetic waves, mechanism for causing
the radiation of electro-magnetic waves from said conductor,
a receiving mechanism controlled by currents
produced in said conductor by electro-magnetic waves,
and electrically operating means for bringing said conductor
into operative relation with either the generating
or the receiving mechanism, substantially as set forth.
(19.) In a system for signalling, &c., by electro-magnetic
waves, the combination of a conductor adapted to radiate
and receive electro-magnetic waves, mechanism for causing
the radiation of electro-magnetic waves from said conductor,
means for modifying step by step one or more of the
characteristics of said waves, a receiving mechanism controlled
by currents produced in said conductor by electro-
magnetic waves, and means for bringing said conductor
into operative relation with either the generating or the
receiving mechanism, substantially as set forth. (20.) In a
system for signalling, &c., by electro-magnetic waves, the
combination of a conductor adapted to radiate electromagnetic
waves, means for causing the radiation of electromagnetic
waves from said conductor, and means for modifying
one or more of the characteristics of said waves, substantially
as set forth. (21.) In a system for signalling, &c.,
by electro-magnetic waves, the combination of a conductor
adapted to radiate electro-magnetic waves, means for causing
the radiation of electro-magnetic waves from said conductor,
and means for modifying step by step one or more of the
characteristics of said waves, substantially as set forth.
(22.) A system for signalling, &c., by electro-magnetic waves,
having in combination a receiver rapidly responsive as
regards temperature to variations in currents produced by
electro-magnetic waves, and a differentially wound mechanism
controlled by said receiver, substantially as set forth.
(23.) In a system of signalling by electro-magnetic waves, a
tuning-device having one or more conductors arranged for
tuning, and constructed so as to have small inductance as
compared with that of a coil containing an equal length of
the conductor, for the purpose of preventing the inductance
from prolonging the oscillations of the sending circuit, and
hence cutting down the radiation per oscillation, substantially
as set forth. (24.) In a system of signalling by electro-
magnetic waves, a tuning-device having one or more conductors
arranged for tuning, and so adjusted as to have the
same ratio of inductance to capacity per unit of length that
the radiating conductor has, as distinguished from tuning-
devices having conductors so formed as to have maximum
inductance, substantially as set forth. (25.) In a system of
signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the combination
of a conductor and a spark-gap, with means for changing
the function of the conductor, i.e., from sending
to receiving, without bridging the spark-gap, substantially as
set forth. (26.) In a system of signalling by electro-magnetic
waves, the combination of a radiating conductor, a spark-
gap, a capacity and a source of voltage with a high resistance,
whereby an intermittent discharge across the spark-gap
may be produced, substantially as set forth. (27.) In a
system of signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the combination
of a radiating conductor, a spark-gap, one terminal of
the spark-gap being connected to ground, a capacity and a
source of voltage with a high resistance, whereby an intermittent
discharge across the spark-gap may be produced,
substantially as set forth. (28.) In a system of signalling by
electro-magnetic waves, the combination of a radiating conductor
and a spark-gap, one terminal of the spark-gap being
connected to ground, with means for changing the function
of the conductor, i.e., from sending to receiving, without
bridging the spark-gap, substantially as set forth. (29.) In
a system of signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the combination
of a radiating conductor or spark-gap, a capacity
and a source of voltage with a high resistance, and means for
varying said resistance whereby any desired number of discharges
per second across the spark-gap may be produced,
substantially as set forth. (30.) In a system of signalling
by electro-magnetic waves, the combination of a wave-
responsive device, an indicating-mechanism, and means for
operating the indicating-mechanism when the wave-responsive
device becomes inoperative while in operative connection,
substantially as set forth. (31.) In a system of
signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the combination of a
receiver, an indicating-mechanism, and means for operating
the indicating-mechanism when the receiver is ruptured,
substantially as set forth. (32.) In a system of signalling
by electro-magnetic waves, the combination of a receiving
circuit, a series of receivers, and means for shifting said
receiver into and out of operative relation to the receiving
conductor, substantially as set forth. (33.) A receiver for
currents produced by electro-magnetic waves, consisting of
a composite conductor, substantially as set forth. (34.) A
system for signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the com-

THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.

[No. 78

bination of a receiver, rods movable into and out of contact
with the terminals of the receiver, contacts adapted to be
brought into contact by the rods when shifted out of contact
with the receiver-terminals, substantially as set forth. (35.) A
system for signalling by electro-magnetic waves, in combination
therewith a tuning-device consisting of one or more connected
pairs of conductors and one or more contact-pieces connecting
the legs of each pair movable along the same, substantially as
set forth. (36.) A system of signalling by electro-magnetic
waves having in combination one or more connected pairs of
connected conductors in series in the sending circuit, and contact-fingers
adapted to bear against the conductors in succession,
thereby shunting different portions of the sending conductor,
substantially as set forth. (37.) A system of signalling
by electro-magnetic waves having in combination a sending
conductor, and a key provided with fingers arranged to be
brought into contact with the sending conductor at different
points, substantially as set forth. (38.) A system of signalling
by electro-magnetic waves having in combination a sending
conductor, and a key provided with fingers adapted to be
brought into contact in succession with the sending conductor
at different points, substantially as set forth. (39.) A
system of signalling by electro-magnetic waves having in
combination therewith mechanism for the production of the
proper signal of a station at that station, as means for indicating
the busy or free state of that station, substantially as
set forth. (40.) A system of signalling by electro-magnetic
waves having in combination therewith automatic mechanism
for the production of the proper signal of a station at
that station, as means for indicating the busy or free state of
that station, substantially as set forth. (41.) A system of
signalling by electro-magnetic waves having in combination
a sending conductor and a normally closed shunt, said parts
being so arranged that the sending conductor will have the
natural period proper to that station, substantially as set
forth. (42.) A system of signalling by electro-magnetic
waves having in combination a sending conductor, a sending
key forming part of a shunt for said conductor and provided
with a finger normally in contact with the conductor, so that
said conductor will normally have the natural period proper
.to that station, substantially as set forth. (43.) A
system of signalling by electro-magnetic waves having in
combination therewith means for indicating to a third station
during sending or receiving that such sending or receiving
station is busy, substantially as set forth. (44.) In a system
of signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the combination of a
radiating conductor and a gap, one terminal of the gap being
connected to ground, with means for changing the function of
the conductor, i.e., from sending to receiving, without bridging
the gap, substantially as set forth. (45.) In a system of
signalling by electro-magnetic waves, a receiving conductor,
a transformer connected in operative relation to the receiving
conductor, in combination with a current-actuated waveresponsive
device in the secondary circuit of the transformer,
substantially as set forth. (46.) In a system of signalling by
electro-magnetic waves, a sending conductor, a receiving
conductor, a transformer connected in operative relation to
the receiving conductor, in combination with a current-actuated
wave-responsive device in the secondary circuit of the
transformer, the secondary circuit being tuned to the same
frequency as the waves emitted by the sending conductor,
substantially as set forth. (47.) In a system of signalling by
electro-magnetic waves, the method described, which consists
in the generation of a current or currents in a portion of a receiving
mechanism consisting of relatively fixed and movable members
by the generation of electro-magnetic waves at the
sending station, and then producing a current or currents in
the other portion of the receiving mechanism by the current
or currents generated by the electro-magnetic waves, whereby
one part of the receiving mechanism is caused to move relative
to the other part, substantially as set forth. (48.)
In a system of signalling by electro-magnetic waves, the
combination of means located at the sending station for the
generation of electro-magnetic waves, a receiving conductor
at the other station, a field coil or coils adapted to be energized
by the currents produced in the receiving conductor,
and a ring forming a closed circuit movably supported with its
plane normally at an angle less than a right angle to the
field, the ring having relatively low resistance and high selfinduction,
so that a current induced therein will impart a
twisting movement to the ring, and means for recording or
observing the movements of the ring, substantially as set
forth. (49.) In a system of signalling by electro-magnetic
waves, a grounded sending conductor, a receiving conductor,
a transformer connected in operative relation to the receiving
conductor, in combination with a current-actuated
wave-responsive device in the secondary circuit of the transformer,
the secondary circuit being tuned to the same
frequency as the waves emitted by the sending conductor,
substantially as set forth. (50.) In a system of signalling by
electro-magnetic waves, a sending conductor, a receiver conductor,
a transformer connected in operative relation to the
receiving conductor, in combination with a current-actuated