JULY 17.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 1521

under the control of the Board cut or opened up, or removed, by a drain-layer must be repaired and put into a thoroughly satisfactory condition without delay, otherwise the work will be done by the Board, and the drain-layer will be charged with the expense, together with an additional 10 per cent. on the cost.

85. All drainage-work must be carried out expeditiously, and with as little inconvenience to traffic as possible.

86. Every privy not being a water-closet shall at all times be provided with a proper seat and with a proper receptacle or pan approved by the Board. In the case of all new receptacles, or of defective receptacles at present in use, the owner or agent shall provide a watertight iron pan of the pattern approved by the Board. The flooring of privies shall be raised at least 3 in. off the ground, and the space below the seat shall be floored in such manner and raised to such height as to enable the pan to fit in below the seat, and to allow of cleansing. Each privy shall be provided by the occupier of the premises on which such privy is erected with a box supplied with dry earth, ashes, or other deodoriser. Where an automatic apparatus to a dry-earth closet is used, the said apparatus shall be kept at all times by such occupier in thorough working-order.

87. The occupier of the premises on which any privy is situated shall keep such privy, building, and appurtenances in a good state of repair, and in thoroughly clean and sanitary condition, to the satisfaction of the Board or the Inspector of Nuisances. Where premises are unoccupied, the owner shall be in all cases liable and responsible for the repair and cleanliness of the closet, building, and appurtenances.

88. No nightsoil shall be buried within the district, unless under special permit of the Board.

(1.) No person shall permit or suffer any nightsoil or refuse, or any offensive rubbish or matter of any kind whatever, to accumulate or remain or to be in such premises so as to be injurious or dangerous to health;

(2.) Or permit or suffer the contents of any earth-closet or privy, or any receptacle for refuse or offensive rubbish or matter of any kind whatever, to fall or soak therefrom so as to be injurious or dangerous to health.

(3.) Every privy or closet shall be so placed as not to be an offence or a nuisance to any adjoining premises or public thoroughfare, and the entrance thereto shall be screened. No privy or closet shall be permitted to be erected at a less distance than 15 ft. from any house or building used as a dwelling, or from any road, street, or footpath. The owner or occupier of the premises upon which any privy or closet shall be in contravention of this section shall be liable to a penalty.

89. No person shall throw any nightsoil, carrion, or offensive matter, or any animal (with the intention of drowning it), into any stream, watercourse, or open drain.

90. The occupier of any land on which is erected any stable, cow-yard, cattle-shed, or on which land is erected any building wherein any horse or other beast of draught or burden or any cattle are kept, shall cause such premises to be kept in such a state in respect of cleanliness as not to be a nuisance or injurious to health, and shall cause all soil, dung, or other manure produced or accumulated therein to be removed once at least in every week.

91. No horses, cattle, or sheep shall be buried in the district.

92. No person shall throw or leave any dead animal on any street or public place, or on any private property.

93. No swine or goats shall be kept within the district.

94. No poultry, horse, mule, ox, cow, dog, or other animal shall be kept in any part of the district except in properly constructed houses, or in suitably enclosed runs, and no such houses shall be built less than 10 ft. from any dwelling, or from any public or private street or public place. All such houses, and all buildings, outhouses, and yards, shall be kept by the owner, occupier, or agent so as not to be a nuisance or injurious to health.

95. It shall be lawful for the Inspector of Nuisances, at any time between the hours of 8 a.m. and 6 p.m., on any day except Sunday, to enter into and inspect any land or building for the purpose of ascertaining whether such premises, or any water-closet, privy, urinal, drain, bath, sink, lavatory, overflow or waste pipe, receptacle, or other sanitary appliance or thing contained therein, complies with this by-law, or whether any breach of this part of the by-law has been committed in any respect whatever; and every person who shall wilfully obstruct or hinder the Inspector in the exercise of such powers shall be guilty of an offence.

It shall be lawful for the Inspector to dig up and open any part of the ground, or remove any part of any building on such premises, for the purpose of examining any drain, or pipe, or trap, or other appliance: Provided always that the person inspecting as aforesaid shall not dig up or open any ground, or remove any part of any building as aforesaid, without having given to the occupier of the said premises, or the owner thereof, or his agent, at least twelve hours’ previous notice of his intention in that behalf; nor in any case unless such Inspector shall have reason to suspect that some nuisance exists upon the premises in question, or on any premises in the vicinity thereof, and he shall not have been able to discover the cause of such nuisance upon an ordinary inspection of such premises; nor unless he shall have reason to believe that the drain, or pipe, or trap, or other appliance he desires to inspect exist under, or behind, or in the immediate vicinity of the ground or part of building intended to be interfered with as aforesaid, and is probably defective, and also the probable cause of the nuisance existing, or suspected to exist, upon the said premises, or on any premises in the vicinity thereof: Provided also that in digging up and opening such ground, or removing such part of building as aforesaid, as little ground or as small a part of the building as reasonably can be shall be dug up, or opened, or removed (as the case may be), and as little damage done to the premises as can be; and, unless some defect or nuisance shall be found requiring attention, such ground or building shall forthwith be reinstated in a good and workmanlike manner by or at the expense of the Board.

96. No new house may be erected which shall not have along its whole frontage an open space measuring at least 30 ft. to the boundary of any land or premises opposite, or to the opposite side of the street; and an open space at the back free from any erection thereon above the ground-level, except a privy or ashpit, such space to belong exclusively to such house and extend the whole width of the house, and be at least 15 ft. in depth from the back wall of the house, and be at least 200 square feet in area.

97. No person shall tether or otherwise put or place any horse, ass, mule, ox, or goat, or any other cattle, for the purpose of depasturing or grazing the same in or upon any street or road, whether public or private, within the district.

98. If any horse, ass, mule, ox, or goat, or any other cattle, shall be at large and without proper guidance in or upon any street, road, or public place in the district, the owner thereof shall be guilty of an offence.

99. No person shall take or allow any horse or cattle to be upon any footpath.

100. No person shall sweep or throw, or allow to be swept or thrown, any dust, dirt, or rubbish into or upon any street, footway, channel, or public place whatsoever.

101. No person shall permit or suffer any nightsoil or refuse, or any offensive rubbish or matter of any kind, to accumulate or remain or be in any premises in his occupation so as to be injurious or dangerous to health.

102. No person shall use, drive, or conduct any velocipede, bicycle, tricycle, or similar carriage or vehicle of any description on or upon any footway or footpath within the district.

103. Every velocipede, bicycle, tricycle, or similar carriage used in any street, private street, or public place after sunset shall carry a light in a conspicuous place in the front thereof, and shall also at all times carry an alarm-bell, and the rider thereof shall, if there be any possibility of collision, ring such bell when meeting or approaching any vehicle, or any person, whether on foot or on horseback.

104. Every person who shall do or cause to be done, or permit or allow, anything whereby a nuisance of any kind not hereinbefore mentioned or prohibited by any Act or any by-law of the district for the time being in force shall exist shall be guilty of an offence.

105. Every owner or occupier of a building within the district built fronting the street shall provide a spouting and downpipe, which shall be connected with a water-channel, drain, or sewer.

106. Any owner or occupier of any land or building from which any water shall flow or drip on or over a footpath shall be liable to a penalty.

107. All notices under this by-law shall be deemed duly served if given to the person for whom they are intended personally, or if sent to him through the post, addressed to or left for him at his usual or last known place of abode or business in the district, or if affixed to any part of any premises to which such notice may relate.

108. If any person fails or refuses to do anything required by these by-laws to be done, observed, or performed, or in any manner obstructs, impedes, or interferes with the doing anything enjoined or required to be done, or does anything prohibited by these by-laws, every such person in any case so offending shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding five pounds.

The following acts are prohibited:—

109. Leading or riding any horse or other animal, or drawing, wheeling, or driving any cart, carriage, sledge, truck, barrow, or other thing, upon or along any footpath without permission from the Arch Hill Road Board so to do.

110. Burning any shavings, straw, or other materials or