APRIL 24.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 923

day, when seventy-two hours' notice must be allowed. The Inspector may apply any fair and good test to prove the thoroughness of the work done. The owner or his authorised agent shall remove or repair any defective material or work when so ordered by the Inspector.

The owner or his authorised agent shall, on the completion of the work, file in the office of the Board a ground-plan of the work done under the permit of the Board issued for the same.

19. Any drain, pipe, trap, urinal, sink, or other fitting laid, used, or constructed otherwise than in accordance with these regulations, or which shall in the opinion of the Board or the Inspector be or become of bad or defective quality, shall, upon notice in writing from the Board, be removed or repaired in the manner and within the time fixed by the Board; and the Board may, should it think fit, on failure by the person liable to perform such removal or repair, remove or repair the said defective fitting, and charge the owner or occupier of the premises with the cost incurred.

20. The drain outside a house or building shall be constructed of stoneware pipes, unless laid less than 2 ft. deep from surface to top of pipe in places liable to heavy traffic, when it shall be of cast or wrought iron. Heavy cast or wrought iron pipes must be used if the ground has been made up, or filled in, or adjoin a cellar.

21. No right-angled junction shall be permitted in any drain. All junctions of pipe drains shall be effected with Y junction-pipes of their respective diameters. Every branch drain shall join a main drain, and a main drain the sewer, obliquely in the direction of its flow.

22. Trenches for the drains shall be dug so as to meet the public sewers at the position of the Y branches indicated by the Board. The material thrown from the trench shall be placed so as not to obstruct, and so as to cause the least inconvenience to the public. Proper barriers and lights must be maintained on the banks of the trench to guard the public against accident during the progress of the work. In refilling the trench the earth shall be carefully rammed so as to keep the pipe in position and avoid settling. No stone shall be used in refilling until there has been a depth of at least 2 ft. of earth placed over the pipes.

23. As far as possible all pipe-lines shall be perfectly straight. Where changes of direction or grade occur these shall be made by open manholes, or by bend pipes and inspection-openings, as directed by the Inspector.

24. The pipes must be laid with true gradients, the inclination being not flatter than 1 in 40 for 4 in. pipes, and 1 in 60 for 6 in. pipes.

25. Pipe-trenches must be carefully cut in the solid ground, and must be evenly graded before the pipes are laid. They shall be of such widths as to allow of the pipes being properly jointed and to permit of thorough inspection.

26. All 4 in. stoneware pipes shall be laid on a bed of concrete composed of one part hydraulic lime and four parts of fine scoria ash. The concrete to extend the full width of trench, be 3 in. in depth below the bottom of pipes, and be brought up on each side to the centre line of pipes. All 6 in. pipes shall be similarly bedded in concrete, but where the grade for 6 in. pipes is steeper than 1 in 10 the concrete shall extend 4 in. below the bottoms of the pipes, and be brought up on each side to the centre line of pipes. All traps in the ground to have at least 4 in. of concrete under them.

27. The ends of all private drains not immediately connected with the plumbing-fixtures, also all access-openings, shall be securely closed with removable, watertight, imperishable materials. If lead pipe, the end must be soldered; if wrought-iron pipe, a plug must be screwed on the end; if cast-iron pipe, a cast-iron plug must be caulked in with lead.

28. Where roots exist their ingress to the pipes must be prevented by surrounding the pipes with 4 in. thick of cement concrete.

29. It shall not be lawful for any person to plant, keep, or continue any tree or scrub on or near any public drain laid or to be laid throughout the district that the Board consider will destroy or damage such public drain, and every owner or occupier of any premises who for seven days after notice from the Board to remove any such tree or scrub shall suffer it to remain shall forfeit, on conviction for such offence, a sum not exceeding 40s. for every day after such conviction during which such offence shall continue.

30. The “diameter” of pipes shall mean the internal diameter.

31. All stoneware pipes shall be double-glazed, truly cylindrical, and of uniform bore and thickness. They shall be thoroughly sound, well burnt and glazed, and free from blisters, soabs, cracks, and other imperfections. Taper pipes shall be used in all cases where different sizes are connected. No bend pipe shall have a smaller radius than 2 ft. at centre line.

32. All drainpipes are to be at least 4 in. in diameter unless otherwise ordered by the Board.

33. All cast-iron pipes must be sound, free from holes or cracks, and coated with tar or asphaltum. The following weights of cast-iron pipes will be accepted as standards: 4 in. diameter, 13 lb. per lineal foot; 5 in. diameter, 17 lb. per lineal foot; 6 in. diameter, 20 lb. per lineal foot.

34. All wrought-iron pipes must be of approved standard and quality, and galvanised or coated to the satisfaction of the Inspector.

35. All fittings used in connection with such pipes shall correspond with them in weight and quality.

36. Where lead pipe is used for waste or vent pipes, such pipes must not be lighter than of 6 lb. lead, but where in the opinion of the Board a heavier weight may be required, its instructions shall be complied with. Lead pipes must be seamless.

37. The arrangement of waste-pipes must be as direct as possible. The following are the minimum sizes of waste and vent pipes and weights of lead to be used throughout unless otherwise specially ordered by the Inspector.

38. Vent-pipes shall not be less than two-thirds the diameter of the waste they ventilate, and no vent-pipe is to be less than the sizes given above.

39. External vent-pipes and waste-pipes of galvanised iron shall not be of less than 24 gauge.

40. Stoneware pipes shall be jointed with freshly mixed mortar, composed of one part of Portland cement and two parts of clean, sharp, coarse sand. The spigot end of pipe shall be right home in the socket, and the faucet space shall be concentric and thoroughly well filled with fresh mortar. After a joint is made a scraper must be used to remove from the inside any mortar that may have squeezed in, and the joint be left perfectly even.

41. All joints in cast-iron pipes must be so filled with gasket and lead as to make them perfectly gastight. Joints between lead and cast iron to be made in a similar manner, the lead pipe being first provided at end with a brass sleeve or ferrule of similar diameter attached by a wiped joint. All lead-to-lead joints to be wiped-soldered. Joints with white-lead to be used for wrought iron.

42. As far as possible no drainpipe shall pass beneath any building; where, however, this is unavoidable, the pipe must be of cast iron, lead-jointed, or if of stoneware the pipe must be bedded in and surrounded with good cement concrete 4 in. in thickness. In every such case the pipe shall be properly ventilated by a suitable shaft or opening at each end.

42A. A boundary or disconnector trap shall be placed in the line of every house-drain over 10 ft. in length at a point on the sewer side of the first branch drain at or as near as possible to the boundary of the premises. Such trap shall be of stoneware of approved pattern and quality. (The pattern known as the Buchan trap is admissible.) Such trap shall have, situated on the side furthest from the sewer, an air-inlet, which shall be carried up to surface of ground and fitted with an iron grating.

43. Every pipe drain constructed so as to be capable of carrying off water or any liquid from any private premises in the district, and connecting with any main sewer or public pipe drain in the said district, shall have proper and efficient, and at all times well and sufficiently repaired, stench-traps, with properly and efficiently constructed watertight receiving pits or basins above attached, of earthenware, stone, concrete, brickwork, or metal, to the satisfaction of the Board.

44. Every owner or occupier of any such private premises the pipe drain from which shall connect with any main sewer or public pipe drain, and shall be without such appliances, shall, after receipt of a note in writing from the said Board, or any officer thereof, so to do, and within the