Aug. 30.] THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 1657

wound upon said rod. (8.) The combination with a glower of the Nernst type of a heater convolutely embracing the same and consisting of an insulately imbedded conductor, the convolutions of the heater being separated or transparent, or both, to permit the passage of light from the glower through the heater. (9.) The combination with a glower of the Nernst class of a spirally encircling electric heater in the form of a single or double cone, the spirals of the heater being spread or transparent, or both, so as to permit the passage of light from the glower through the heater. (10.) The combination with a glower of the Nernst type of an insulately imbedded embracing heater of spiral form. (11.) The process of making electric heaters which consists in winding a conductor in the form of a spiral or helix upon a ceramous, plastic, non-conducting rod, bending said rod and its affixed spiral into the desired form, and rendering said form permanent by heat. (12.) As an element of an electric heater, designed to be located in proximity to a Nernst lamp glower, a brace or support of quartz or other transparent material. (13.) The mode of preparing and mounting an electric heater and a glower in proximity to each other which consists in using for the heater-support an easily moulded rod, and forming the ends of the said support, where they are not covered by the heating conductor, into appropriate shapes for the attachment of the lead-wires to the glower. (14.) The mode of preparing and mounting an electric heater and a glower in proper relation to each other which consists in fusing the lead-wire for the heater to the insulating heater-support in addition to connecting the lead-wires to the heating conductor. (15.) The combination with a glower or glowlers of the Nernst type of a plurality of heaters therefor, disposed in parallel lines and electrically connected in parallel. (16.) The combination with a glower of the Nernst type of a plurality of heaters connected in parallel and either extending from end to end of the glower or arranged one behind the other so as to cover the entire length of the glower. (17.) The combination with one or more glowlers of the Nernst type of a plurality of heaters connected in parallel and disposed at an angle to said glower or glowlers. (18.) The combination with a Nernst lamp glower adapted for high voltages of a plurality of heaters having independent circuits and respectively disposed adjacent to different portions of the glower and out of alignment with each other. (19.) The combination with a horizontally disposed glower of the Nernst type of a plurality of suitably disposed heaters in one or more planes above that of the glower, and a stand upon which said glower and heater are supported. (20.) The combination with a horizontally disposed glower of the Nernst type of a pair of tubular heaters disposed in a plane above the glower, and a heat and light reflecting tube located between the heaters. (21.) The combination with a glower of the Nernst type, and an electric heater in proximity thereto, of a common supporting arm for the glower and heater at one end and separate supporting arms therefor at the opposite end. (22.) The combination with an electric heater for Nernst lamp glowlers of supporting arms, at least one of which is elastic to permit the easy removal of the heater. (23.) The improvements in Nernst lamp heaters substantially as shown and described.
(Specification, 14s. ; drawings, £1 1s.)

No. 12912.—23rd August, 1900.—PETER COOPER HEWITT, of 11, Lexington Avenue, New York, United States of America, Scientist. Improvements in electric lighting.

Claims.—(1.) The improvement in producing light electrically which consists in partly enclosing a conducting gas or vapour, applying thereto a current of considerable quantity and moderate electro-motive force, and varying the pressure of the gas or vapour until the same becomes intensely luminous by the passage of the current, and afterwards hermetically sealing up the enclosed gas or vapour. (2.) In the process characterized in the first claim, and in the process of operating my lighting-device, starting the passage of the normal current by a current of higher potential. (3.) In the process characterized in the first and second claims, combining a starting material with the conducting gas or vapour. (4.) A modification of the process of operation characterized in the second claim, in which the volatilised vapours are condensed, and the condensed vapours are returned to be revolatilised. (5.) A modification of the process of operation characterized in the second claim, in which the pressure of the enclosed gas or vapour is equalised, and the excess heat is conducted off by means of a cooling-chamber of proper capacity outside the path of the current. (6.) A modification of the process of operating my lighting-device characterized in the second claim, in which the steady action of the lamp is assisted by a resistance in series therewith. (7.) A method of producing light consisting in including in an electric circuit carrying a current of determinate voltage an enclosed vapour specifically adapted to a current of such voltage, so as to conduct the current, and be made luminous thereby. (8.) A method of producing light consisting in subjecting an enclosed volatilisable conducting medium to heat in order to vaporize the same, and conducting an electric current of suitable voltage through the vapours thus produced. (9.) A method of operating a lighting-device containing a gas or vapour as the conducting-medium consisting in maintaining outside the vapour-path a space through which the current does not pass. (10.) An electric lamp consisting of a container holding a vapour of comparatively low resistance, and adapted to pass a current of considerable quantity. (11.) An electric lamp consisting of the combination of a container, a material in the container volatilisable by heat, electrodes in the container separated beyond arcing distance, the light-giving medium being the vapour of the said volatilisable material acting as a conductor between the electrodes. (12.) A gas or vapour electric lamp having its terminals connected with a source supplying a given current, and containing a conducting gas or vapour the density of which is specifically adapted to the said current. (13.) An electric lamp consisting of an enclosing chamber, a conducting gas or vapour within the said chamber, and adapted to conduct a current of determinate voltage, electrodes connected with each other by means of the gas or vapour, and a static charge-dissipator located near one of the electrodes, but insulated therefrom, and electrically connected to the other electrode. (14.) In an electric-lighting apparatus, the combination with an electric lamp, and two sources of electro-motive force, simultaneously connected therewith, of means for applying one source for starting the lamp, and for employing the other source in the continued operation of the lamp (15.) An electric lamp consisting of an enclosing chamber, electrodes within the same, and a conducting gas or vapour intervening between the electrodes and capable of maintaining the passage of an electric current from electrode to electrode under the influence of moderate differences of potential, the resistance between the respective electrodes and the gas or vapour being small relatively to the resistance of the vapour or gas. (16.) An electric-lighting system in which a vapour or gas as a conducting medium is connected up in a commercial circuit, in combination with means for applying to the lamp a current of higher potential than the commercial circuit carries for starting the lamp, and afterwards cutting off the high potential current. (17.) In an electric lamp of the character described, the combination of a closed chamber containing a conducting gas or vapour of such density as to convey currents of considerable quantity and moderate pressure, an electrode within the said chamber, the said electrode being protected by a covering of non-conducting material making an electrically tight joint therewith. (18.) An electric gas or vapour lamp as illustrated in Fig. 2. (19.) An electric lamp employing a gas as a light-giving medium as illustrated in Fig. 4. (20.) An electric lamp having a vapour as a source of light and of resistance, adapted to be operated continuously by a current of constant voltage and predetermined number of amperes. (21.) An electric gas or vapour lamp as shown and described.
(Specification, £1 ; drawings, 11s.)

No. 12913.—23rd August, 1900.—WILLIAM PLAYER BICE and ARTHUR HAROLD GUTHRIDGE, both of 415 and 417, Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Manufacturers and Importers (assignees of William Taylor, of 56, Burnbank Street, Ballarat, Victoria, Mechanic). An improved fastening for gaiters or leggings.

Claims.—(1.) In an improved fastening for gaiters or leggings, a metallic strip within a passage-way at the outer meeting lapped joint, said strip having at one end shoulders and a tongue, and at the other a gullet or gap, all as and for the purposes described and as illustrated in the drawings. (2.) In an improved fastening for gaiters or leggings, a metallic strip within a passage-way at the inner meeting lapped joint, said strip having at one end a foot with an elongated hole therein, and at the other a gullet in which, by a pivot-pin secured in an overturned portion of the strip, is pivoted a locking button controlled by a flat spring and having a stop or rib and a nail or finger-catch, all as and for the purposes described, and as illustrated in the drawings. (3.) An improved fastening for gaiters or leggings consisting of a metallic strip within a passage-way at the outer meeting lapped joint, said strip having at one end shoulders and a tongue, and at the other a gullet or gap, in combination with a metallic strip within a passage-way in the inner meeting lapped joint, said strip having at one end a foot with an elongated hole therein, and at the other a gullet in which, by a pivot-pin secured in an overturned portion of the strip, is pivoted a locking button controlled by a flat spring, and having a stop or rib and a nail or finger catch, all as and for the purposes set forth, and as illustrated in the drawings.
(Specification, 3s. 6d. ; drawings, 5s. 6d.)