1186
THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.
[No. 52

phonograph, substantially as described, and illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14 of the drawings. (11.) In apparatus of the kind described and claimed in claim 1, the modification consisting of a diaphragm g vibrated by the sounds to be reproduced, chamber a, valve c, larger valve e, arranged and operating as described, and illustrated in Fig. 1, in combination with the larger valve H, spindle r, spring m, valve-seat x, valve y attached to spindle r, inlet-opening a¹ into which air, steam, gas, or vapour is forced, pipe F communicating with a chamber round the valve c, discharge-openings n, and trumpet-shaped sound-distributing opening z, substantially as described, and illustrated in Fig. 15. (12.) In apparatus in which undulations are produced in a column of air, steam, gas, or vapour by means of a valve operated by the vibrations of the diaphragm of a telephone or telephonic instrument caused by sound, or by the movements of a point or stylus over the depressions made upon a phonographic cylinder or disc by sound, the combination with the valve so operated of an additional vibrating disc or diaphragm fixed at a short distance from the valve and having perforations through it, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described, and illustrated in Figs. 19 and 20 of the drawings. (13.) The apparatus for reproducing musical notes upon a magnified scale by means of a revolving cylinder having such notes recorded upon its surface, in the form of parallel rings of depressions made by means of a phonographic instrument, each ring of depressions representing a separate note, and actuating or setting into vibration a tongue which covers an opening through which a column of air, steam, gas, or vapour is forced, in which column corresponding undulations are caused, reproducing upon a magnified scale the original note represented by the ring of depressions, pins upon or connected with the vibrating tongues being brought into contact with the corresponding ring of depressions round the cylinder by means of keys upon a keyboard depressed by a performer, so that as each key is depressed a corresponding note is sounded of any desired loudness, or if two or more keys are depressed simultaneously a corresponding number of notes forming chords or harmonies are produced, substantially as described. (14.) In apparatus of the kind described and claimed in claim 13, the use of sets of several adjoining rings of depressions round the cylinder for each note, all the rings in such set representing the same note in the musical scale, but each being produced by a different musical instrument, voice, or combination of instruments or voices, or both, and a separate vibrating tongue being provided for each ring of depressions, and being set in vibration when required to produce corresponding undulations in a column of air, steam, gas, or vapour, the tongues corresponding with all the notes relating to each particular instrument or character of tone being capable of being made to vibrate singly or in any number by being brought in contact when required with the particular rings of depressions corresponding with them by means of keys arranged upon a keyboard, and depressed by a performer, substantially as described. (15.) In apparatus of the kind described and claimed in claims 13 and 14, the combination of a cylinder 1, having round its circumference rings or sets of rings of depression 9, 10, 11, formed by the action of sound in a phonographic instrument, each set of rings being produced by the same note, but each ring of such set being produced by that note from a different instrument; longitudinal chambers 4, as many in number as the different instruments whose tone is to be reproduced; movable plates 12, springs 13, tongues 15, and points 16, the tongues in each of the chambers 4 being actuated by the rings of depressions relating to that chamber or to the instruments whose tone it is to reproduce; bars 18, pivoted bell-cranks 21, wires 24, and handle 19, all arranged and operating so that undulations corresponding with the vibrations of the tongue or tongues are communicated to a column of air, steam, gas, or vapour forced into the space 25, and discharged through the passage and dispersing-tube 5, 6, and 7, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described, and illustrated in Figs. 16, 17, and 18 of the drawings. (16.) In the apparatus described and claimed in claim 15, the combination with the sets of rings of depressions round the cylinder 1, chambers 4, plates 12, tongues 15 and points 16, bar 18, pivoted bell-cranks 21, and wires 24, of the separate rings 22, having openings operating the bell-cranks 21, each ring caused to move round separately on its axis by the depression by the performer of the particular key or note upon the keyboard to which it relates, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described, and illustrated in Figs. 16, 17, and 18 of the drawings. (17.) In the apparatus described and claimed in claims 15 and 16, and illustrated in Figs. 16, 17, 18, the substitution for the plates 12, vibrating tongues 15, and points 16, of small piston-valves resembling those shown at c in Fig. 1, to which rapid movements backward and forward can be communicated by bringing points connected with them into contact with the particular rings of depression to which each is related, the said piston-valves producing in the ways already de-

scribed corresponding undulations in a column of air or other elastic fluid, each of the chambers containing the small piston-valves being connected with one of the keys of the keyboard, so that the valve can be made to oscillate backward and forward when required, by being brought into contact with the corresponding ring of depressions when the key is depressed, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
(Specification, £1 10s.; drawings, £1 6s.)

No. 11683.—6th June, 1899.—FRASER AND CHALMERS, LIMITED, of 43, Threadneedle Street, London, England, Engineers and Manufacturers (assignees of Ross Egerton Browne, of Nevada Block, San Francisco, California, United States of America), Engineer, but at present of Hotel Cecil, London, England). Improved means for raising water from mine-shafts or other places.

Claims.—(1.) The improved means of raising water from mine-shafts or other places consisting of a vacuum-tank adapted to be raised and lowered in the shaft, a vacuum-producer adapted to create a vacuum in said tank, and means for dumping or discharging the water from the tank when same has been raised, substantially as described. (2.) In an apparatus for raising water from mines or shafts, the combination of a frame at the head of the shaft, a tank supported upon the frame adapted to be raised and lowered in the shaft, and having a suction-pipe communicating with the tank and depending therefrom, a vacuum-generator at the shaft-head, an adjustable pipe connecting the vacuum-generator with the tank, hoisting mechanism, and a flexible connection between such mechanism and a tank, substantially as described. (3.) In an apparatus for raising water from mines or shafts, the combination of a frame at the head of a shaft, a tank supported upon a frame adapted to be raised and lowered in the shaft, said tank having a suction-pipe, and a valve-controlled discharge-opening at its lower end, a vacuum-generator at the shaft-head, an adjustable pipe connecting the generator with the tank, hoisting mechanism for raising and lowering the tank, and means for automatically opening the discharge-opening of the tank when the same reaches the discharge-point in its upward movement, substantially as described.
(Specification, 4s. 3d.; drawings, 6s.)

No. 11692.—8th June, 1899.—EDWARD LLOYD PEASE, of the Parkfield Works, Stockton-on-Tees, Durham, England, Engineer. Roofs and the like structural work.

Claims.—(1.) In a structural arrangement adapted for use as the framework of a roof, the combination with ordinary struts and tie-bars of slotted tubular rafters c, whereby a shell covering is readily interlocked to principals of great strength, simplicity of construction, and lightness, substantially as described, and illustrated by way of example in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 12. (2.) In the construction of roofs and other structural arrangements having slotted tubular rafters or the like tubular elements in the framework thereof, the combination with longitudinally slotted tubes of panels interlocked therewith by inset edges or angle-strips, and stiffeners such as e inserted between the said slotted tubes, whereby tension is imparted to the panels and rigidity to the general structure, substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 2. (3.) In the construction of roofs having slotted tubular rafters, the combination with said rafters of upper and under panels d and d' interlocked therewith by inset edges, the said panels being of a different curvature to enclose a crescent-shaped space, supported by partitions h and preferably by stiffeners e, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 5, 15, and 16. (4.) In combination with slotted tubular rafters or the like beam-like elements, of panels interlocked therewith by inset edges of distance-pieces such as j, running the whole length of the joint between the edges of the adjoining panels or places at intervals, the said distance-pieces taking the form of a double-headed rail fitting between the inset edges of adjoining panels, and thereby imparting increased rigidity to the structure, substantially as described, and illustrated in Fig. 7. (5.) In combination with slotted tubular rafters or the like beam-like elements, of panels interlocked therewith by inset edges, of distance-pieces such as k running the whole length of the joint between the edges of the adjoining panels or placed at intervals, the said distance-pieces taking the form of a rail-head, with sides or webs constricted and set out to follow the contour of the inset edges of the panels, and thereby imparting rigidity to the structure, substantially as described, and illustrated in Fig. 8. (6.) In a structural arrangement adapted for use as the framework of a roof, and leaving the headway or span clear of obstruction, the combination with struts and tie-bars arranged externally to the span of the roof of slotted tubular rafters c, whereby a shell covering is readily interlocked to