1322

THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.

[No. 87

rigged sailing vessels, or who prove in course of
examination that they are ignorant of the manage-
ment of square-rigged ships.

67. A certificate “for Fore - and - aft - rigged
    vessels only” will not entitle the possessor to act
    in a capacity for which a certificate is required in
    square-rigged vessels, amongst which are classed
    full-rigged ships, barques, brig, barquentines, brig-
    antines, and steamships carrying square sails.

68. A Candidate possessing a certificate “for
    Fore-and-aft-rigged vessels only,” and desiring to
    obtain an ordinary certificate of the same grade,
    must prove that he has served at sea at least one
    year in a square-rigged sailing vessel, and will be
    re-examined both in navigation and seamanship.

EXAMINATIONS FOR EXTRA AND HONORARY
CERTIFICATES.

69. An Extra Master’s Examination is voluntary
    and intended for such persons as wish to prove
    their superior qualifications, and are desirous of
    having certificates for the highest grade granted by
    the Marine Department.

70. The Extra Examination may take place at
    the time the applicant goes up for an Ordinary
    Master’s Certificate, or at any time subsequent to
    his having passed as Master Ordinary.

71. A candidate for an Extra Certificate who
    may only be in possession of a Master’s Certificate
    of Service must pass for Ordinary Master before or
    at the time he is examined for the Extra Certifi-
    cate.

72. A Candidate who passes the Extra Examina-
    tion will be entitled to receive his Extra Certifi-
    cate at once, without reference to the time he has
    been afloat, and without being required to have
    served two years as Master, as heretofore.

73. In Navigation.—In addition to the qualifica-
    tions required for an Ordinary Master’s Certifi-
    cate, the Candidate will be required to work a
    lunar observation by either sun, star, or planet; to
    compute the altitudes for the same when they are
    not given; to determine the latitude by the me-
    ridian altitude of the moon, and by an altitude of
    the Polar star at any time. He will be required to
    find the latitude by double altitudes of the sun, or
    of a star, and to verify the result by Sumner’s
    method. He must find the error of a watch or
    chronometer from equal altitudes of the sun, and
    must be able to correct altitudes observed by means
    of an artificial horizon. He will be required to
    show a thorough knowledge of the laws of the
    deviation of the compases in iron ships. He will
    be required to prove by the “deviascope” (1) his
    knowledge of the tentative method of compass
    adjustment; (2) that he really possesses a good
    knowledge of what he has written, by showing that
    he is acquainted with the practical application of
    the answers given by him to any of the questions
    in the Compass Deviation Syllabus that the Ex-
    aminer in the course of the examination may think
    proper to touch upon. He must be acquainted with
    the leading principles of the construction of the
    sextant and of the “ vernier.” He must explain
    the nature of great circle sailing, and show how to
    apply practically that knowledge; and must have a
    more extensive knowledge of the subject of the law
    of storms than that required of the Master Or-
    dinary.

74. In Seamanship, &c.—In addition to the
    qualifications required of an Ordinary Master, the
    Extra Master will be expected to give satisfactory
    answers to any questions in practical seamanship
    that the Examiners may think proper to put to
    him; and to show a more extensive knowledge

and aptness in the Civil Duties of a shipmaster
than would be expected from a Candidate for an
Ordinary Master’s Certificate.

QUALIFICATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY
FOR A “ HOME TRADE PASSENGER SHIP.”

75. All Candidates for Certificates of Competency
    must first be examined in colours.

76. A Mate must be nineteen years of age, and
    have served four years at sea.

77. In Navigation, &c.—He must write a legible
    hand, and understand the first five rules of arithme-
    tic, both simple and compound. He must be able
    to take a bearing by compass, and be conversant
    with the use of Mercator’s chart, and be able to
    find, on either a “ true ” or “ magnetic ” chart, the
    course to steer, and the distance from one given
    position to another; to find the ship’s position on
    the chart from cross bearings of two objects; from
    two bearings of the same object, the course and
    distance run between taking the bearings being
    given; and the distance of the ship from the object
    at the time of taking the second bearing.

78. He must also pass an examination in the
    International Code of Signals.

79. In Seamanship, &c.—He must possess a
    thorough knowledge of the rule of the road as
    regards both steamers and sailing vessels, their
    regulation lights, and fog and sound signals. He
    must be able to describe the signals of distress, and
    the signals to be made by ships wanting a pilot,
    and the liabilities and penalties incurred by the
    misuse of these signals; also the use and manage-
    ment of the rocket apparatus in the event of his
    vessel being stranded. He must be able to mark
    and use the lead and log-lines, to moor and unmoor
    a vessel, and to manage a ship’s boat in heavy
    weather, &c., &c. He must also understand the
    construction, use, and action of the bulkhead
    sluices, the engine-room telegraph, &c., and to
    answer any other questions of a like nature apper-
    taining to the duties of the Mate of a Home Trade
    Passenger Vessel which the Examiner may think
    proper to put to him.

80. A Master must be twenty years of age, and
    have served five years at sea, of which one year
    must have been as First or Only Mate in the Home
    or Foreign Trade, during which service he must
    have been in possession of a Mate’s Certificate for
    Home Trade Passenger ships or of a First or Only
    Mate’s Certificate for Foreign-going Ships. Vide
    also par. 32.

81. In Navigation, &c.—In addition to the quali-
    fications required of a Mate of a Home Trade Pas-
    senger Ship, a Master will be required to find on a
    chart the course to steer by compass in order to
    counteract the effect of a given current, and to find
    the distance the ship will make good towards a
    given point in a certain time, and to work out
    practically the correction to apply to soundings
    taken at a given time and place, to compare with
    the depth marked on the chart, &c. He will also
    be required to understand the use of the quadrant,
    to be able to observe with it, to read off and on the
    arc, and to find the index error by the horizon.
    He will also be required to find the latitude by a
    meridian altitude of the sun, and to give written
    answers to certain practical questions on the sub-
    ject of the deviation of the compass.

82. In Seamanship, &c.—In addition to the quali-
    fications required of a Mate of a Home Trade Pas-
    senger Ship, a Master must understand how to rig
    a sea anchor, and what means to apply to keep a
    steamer with machinery disabled out of the trough
    of the sea, &c. How to get a cast of the lead in