462
THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.

Two
Whistles
reverse.

take the Signals from the Driver of the leading
Engine, but the Driver of the second Engine
will be held equally responsible with the Driver
of the leading Engine for the proper observance
of all Signals regulating the safe working of
the Line. Great caution must be used in
starting and stopping Trains drawn by two
Engines, in order to prevent the breaking of
the coupling. Two distinct Whistles will sig-
nify to reverse and put back, and one sound to
move forward.

Stopping of
Trains.

162. There may be cases requiring a Train
     to stop, either from a Signal or from the per-
     sonal observation of the Driver, when the most
     prompt judgment and skill will be required to
     decide whether to stop quickly or merely to
     shut off the steam and let the Train stop of
     itself; this must be left to the judgment of the
     Driver. As a general rule it may be considered
     that, if anything is the matter with the Engine
     requiring to stop, the quicker it can be done
     the better; but if any intermediate parts of
     the Train are off the rails, allowing the car-
     riages to stop of themselves has, in some cases,
     kept up a disabled carriage, whereas, it is pro-
     bable that if the brakes had been applied in
     front, the carriages behind would have forced
     themselves over the disabled one. If, however,
     the disabled carriage should be the last, or
     nearly the last on the train, the brake in front
     may be applied with advantage; but if towards
     the middle or the front of the Train, it is better
     to let the carriage stop gradually, as by keeping
     up a gentle pull the disabled carriage is kept
     more out of the way of those behind until the
     force of the latter is exhausted. In all cases
     the application of all brakes behind the disabled
     carriage will be attended with the greatest ad-
     vantage and safety.

Train break-
ing loose.

163. If any part of a Train becomes detached
     when in motion, care must be taken not to stop
     the Train in front before the detached part has
     stopped; and it is the duty of the Guard of
     such detached part to apply his brake in time
     to prevent a collision with the Carriages in
     front, in the event of their stopping.

Train in
distress.

164. When from any cause a Train is unable
     to proceed at a greater speed than four miles
     an hour, the Guard or Fireman shall be sent
     back half a mile with a red flag or lamp (where
     he shall place two Detonating Signals on the
     Rails), and continue walking at that distance
     behind the Train with his Danger Signal shown,
     so as to stop any following Train, until assist-
     ance arrives or the Train is shunted.

Train stop-
ping on
Main Line.

165. When from accident or any other cause
     an Engine or Train is stopped on the main
     line, the Guard, or in his absence the Fireman,
     or any other competent person shall imme-
     diately go half a mile back with a red flag or
     lamp, and detonators, to stop any following
     Train, even if such Train be not expected.

Leaving
Engine when
on duty.

166. In all cases where the Driver leaves his
     Engine, it must be put out of gear and the
     steam shut off; but he must not leave his En-
     gine, except in cases of great necessity, when
     he must place the Fireman in charge; but on
     no account shall they both leave it, either on
     the main line or any siding, nor until given up
     to the proper person.

Leaving an
Engine
standing.

167. In all cases when the Engine is stand-
     ing still, however short the time, the Engine or
     Tender brake is to be screwed tight, until the
     signal is given for starting. The Engine, when
     standing in a shed or on a siding, must always
     be put out of gear and the brake fixed down.

168. In getting up Steam, special care must Getting up
     be taken to see that the Regulator is shut, and Steam.
     the Engine left in middle gear, and brake on,
     and that there is a proper quantity of water in
     the boiler.

169. Enginemen are strictly prohibited from Throwing
     throwing out of their Tender any small coal, out small
     coke, wood, or dust, except into the pits made coal, &c.
     for that purpose.

170. The Engine-driver is responsible for Responsible
     attaching the proper Signals to his Engine Signals.
     when required.

171. In the evening when it is getting dusk, Lamps to be
     and before it is dark, the Engineman must see trimmed and
     that his Lamps are trimmed and ready, and fixed.
     must take care that the Signal Lamp, showing
     a White Light for Passenger, and Green for all
     other Trains, is fixed in front, on the right-hand
     side of the Engine; and a Light must also be
     fixed on the left-hand side of the tender,
     showing Red behind. This latter being more
     important than a front Light when he has only
     one Lamp, and if he should be upon the Line
     without his Lamps, he must procure them from
     the Locomotive Foreman or Storekeeper at the
     next principal Station.

172. Enginemen will afford every assistance Afford every
     with their Engines that may be required for assistance.
     the arrangement and despatch of the Trains,
     and shall follow the directions of the Guards
     in working the Trains.

173. If a Driver is required by a Station Station
     Clerk to do anything which may appear in ex- Clerks
     cess of the Driver's duty, or unreasonable, he is making un-
     not to refuse to do it, unless inconsistent with reasonable
     safety; but the matter is to be referred to the requests.
     Manager without delay.

174. The Driver is never to start without Signal for
     the proper signal. On starting, at every Sta- starting
     tion the Driver must direct his attention to the Trains.
     Guard, who will give the proper signal to start
     the Train by blowing a whistle and showing
     his hand by day, and a lamp by night. Every
     Driver on receiving the signal to start must
     sound his whistle before turning on steam.

175. All Engines to be backed carefully to Careful
     their Trains, and Enginemen with all Trains stopping of
     are strictly enjoined to start and stop slowly, Trains.
     and without a jerk, which is liable to snap the
     Couplings and Chains; and they are further
     warned to be careful not to shut off steam too
     suddenly (except in case of danger), so as not
     to cause a concussion of the Carriages or
     Wagons. Particular care is required with Cattle
     Cattle Trains, to prevent injury to the animals. Trains.

176. It is very important that Engine- Shunting
     drivers use the utmost caution when shunting into Sidings.
     Wagons into Sidings, so as to avoid injuring
     the Wagons, or other property of the Govern-
     ment. The Engine must never be detached
     until the train or vehicles are put into the
     Siding or elsewhere as far as required, and
     come to a standstill. On no account must any
     shunting be done, unless both Driver and Fire-
     man are on the Engine. No Engine must push
     a Train, but always draw it, except in cases of
     necessity. Flying shunts are strictly for- Flying
     bidden.
     Shunts
     forbidden.

177. Engines without trains are not to stop Engines not
     or stand on the Main Lines of rails, unless for to stand on
     water. Main Line.

178. An Engine must not leave a standing Leaving
     Train on a descending gradient suddenly, but Train on
     must draw gradually away, so that it may be descending
     seen whether the wagons are properly secured Gradient.
     by their brakes.