THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 35

25. Extent of Examination.—The examination is
    vivâ voce, and extends to a general knowledge of the
    practical use and working of the steam-engine, and
    of the various valves, fittings, and pieces of machinery
    connected with it. Intricate theoretical questions
    on calculations of horse-power or areas of cylinders
    and valves, or any of the more difficult questions
    which appertain to steam engines and boilers, will not
    be asked. The examination will in fact be confined
    to what a Master of a steam-vessel may be called
    to perform in the case of the death, incapacity, or
    delinquency of the Engineer.

26. Applicant not required to answer every question.
    —If the applicant fails to answer some few of the
    questions, and yet, in the opinion of the Examiner,
    possesses such a competent knowledge of the parts
    of the engine generally, and such other practical
    knowledge of the subject as will enable him to effect
    the object in view, the Examiner will exercise his
    discretion as to whether a sufficiently high standard
    of knowledge has been attained, and pass him or not
    accordingly.

27. Such Examiner will provide Drawings, &c.—
    The Examiner will provide drawings and working
    sections, on a sufficiently large scale, of the various
    parts of the steam-engine, and of the valves and
    slides, &c., as may be necessary, and will require the
    applicant to make use of them in giving his answers
    to the various questions put to him; and, if an oppor-
    tunity offer, the applicant will be permitted, under
    the guidance of the Examiner, to start and stop the
    engine of some vessel which may have her steam up.

EXAMINATION OF ENGINEERS FOR CERTIFICATES
OF COMPETENCY.

28. Certificates of two Grades.—Engineers' Certifi-
    cates are of two grades, namely, "First-class Engi-
    neers' Certificates," and "Second-class Engineers'
    Certificates."

29. Certificates of Competency granted to persons
    who pass requisite Examinations.—Certificates of Com-
    petency will be granted to those persons who pass
    the requisite examinations, and otherwise comply with
    the requisite conditions. For this purpose Exam-
    iners have been appointed by the Governor in
    Council, and arrangements have been made for
    holding examinations at such times and places as
    may be found to be most suitable for general conven-
    ience; due notice whereof will be given in the New
    Zealand Gazette.

30. Application for Examination.—The application
    for examination is to be made in the prescribed form.
    The same rules are to be observed by Engineers in
    making application to be examined, in paying fees,
    and in forwarding testimonials, as in the case of
    applications by Masters and Mates. See above
    paragraphs.

QUALIFICATIONS FOR CERTIFICATES OF
COMPETENCY.

31. Qualification of Candidate for Second-class
    Engineer's Certificate.—A candidate for a Second-
    class Engineer's Certificate must be 21 years of
    age:
    (a.) He must have served an apprenticeship to
    an Engineer, and prove that during the
    period of his apprenticeship he has been
    employed on the making and repairing of
    engines: Or if he has not served an ap-
    prenticeship, he must prove that for not less
    than three years he has been employed in
    some factory or workshop on the making or
    repairing of engines. In either case he
    must also have served one year at sea in the
    Engine Room; or

(b.) He must have served at least four years at
sea in the Engine Room.
(c.) He must be able to give a description of
boilers, and the methods of staying them;
together with the use and management of
the different valves, cocks, pipes, and con-
nections.
(d.) He must understand how to correct defects
from accident, decay, &c., and the means of
repairing such defects.
(e.) He must understand the use of the baro-
meter, thermometer, hydrometer, and salino-
meter.
(f.) He must state the causes, effects, and usual
remedies for incrustation and corrosion.
(g.) He must be able to state how a temporary
or permanent repair could be effected in
case of derangement of a part of the ma-
chinery, or total breakdown.
(h.) He must write a legible hand, and under-
stand the first five rules of arithmetic, and
decimals.
(i.) He must be able to pass a creditable exami-
nation as to the various constructions of
paddle and screw engines in general use;
as to the details of the different working
parts, external and internal, with the use of
each part.

32. Qualification of Candidate for First-class Engi-
    neer's Certificate.—A candidate for a First-class
    Engineer's Certificate must be twenty-two years of
    age.

In addition to the qualification required for a
Second-class Engineer—
(a.) He must have served for one year with a
Second-class Engineer's Certificate of Com-
petency.
By this it is intended that the same rule shall
be observed in the examination of Engineers,
as is observed in the examination of Masters
and Mates; viz., that before the certificate
of a higher grade is granted, certain service in
the lower grade must be performed.

The Examiner should therefore be satisfied that
applicants for the First-class Engineer's
Certificate have not only been in possession of
a Second-class Certificate for twelve months,
but that they have actually served for a period
of not less than twelve months in the engine-
room with a Second-class Certificate.
(b.) He must be able to make rough working
drawings of the different parts of the engines
and boilers.
(c.) He must also be able to take off and calculate
indicator diagrams.
(d.) He must be able to calculate safety-valve
pressures, and the strength of the boiler.
(e.) He must be able to state the general pro-
portions borne by the principal parts of the
machinery to each other.
(f.) He must be able to explain the method of
testing and altering the setting of the slide
valves, and of testing the fairness of the
paddle and screw shafts, and of adjusting
them.
(g.) He must be conversant with surface con-
densation, super-heating, and the working of
steam expansively.
(h.) His knowledge of arithmetic must include
the mensuration of superficies and solids,
and the extraction of the square root.

33. Engineer Extra—An Extra First-class Engi-
    neer's Examination is voluntary, and is intended
    for such persons as wish to prove their superior
    qualifications, and are desirous of having certificates