THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 33
for his service in the higher grade for the period
subsequent to his promotion. Certificates will only
be granted to persons who have been domiciled in
New Zealand for at least three years. Service in
ships registered in New Zealand will be accepted as
domicile in this Colony for the purpose of obtaining
certificates under these regulations. Service in
coasting trade may be allowed to count.
6. Where the Examiners are in every respect
satisfied with the testimonials of a candidate, service
in the coasting trade may be allowed to count as
service, in order to qualify him for examination for a
certificate of competency for Foreign-going Ships as a
Mate, and two years' service as Mate in the coasting
trade may be allowed to count as service for a Master's
. Certificate, provided the candidate's name has been
entered as Mate on the Coasting Articles, and pro-
vided he has already passed an examination.
QUALIFICATION FOR CERTIFICATES OF COMPE-
TENCY FOR A "FOREIGN-GOING SHIP."
The qualifications, required for the several ranks
under mentioned are as follow:-
7. Second Mate.-A Second Mate must be seven-
teen years of age, and must have been four years at
sea.
In Navigation: He must write a legible hand, and
understand the first five rules of arithmetic, and the
use of logarithms. He must be able to work a day's
work complete, including the bearings and distance
of the port he is bound to, by Mercator's method;
to correct the sun's declination for longitude, and
find his latitude by meridian altitude of the sun;
and to work such other easy problems of a like nature
as may be put to him. He must understand the use
of the sextant, and be able to observe with it, and
read off the arc.
In Seamanship: He must give satisfactory answers
as to the rigging and unrigging of ships, stowing of
holds, &c.; must understand the measurement of the
log-line, glass, and lead-line; be conversant with the
rule of the road, as regards both steamers and sailing
vessels, and the lights and fog-signals carried by
them, and will also be examined as to his acquaintance
with "the Commercial Code of Signals for the use of
all Nations."
8. Only Mate.-An Only Mate must be nineteen
years of age, and have been five years at sea.
In Navigation: In addition to the qualification
required for a Second Mate, an Only Mate must be
able to observe and calculate the amplitude of the
sun, and deduce the variation of the compass there-
from, and be able to find the longitude by chro-
nometer by the usual methods. He must know how to
lay off the place of the ship on the chart, both by
bearings of known objects, and by latitude and
longitude. He must be able to determine the error
of a sextant, and to adjust it, also to find the time
of high water from the known time at full and
change.
In Seamanship: In addition to what is required
for a Second Mate, he must know how to moor and
unmoor, and to keep a clear anchor; to carry out an
anchor, to stow a hold, and to make the requisite
entries in the ship's log. He will also be questioned
as to his knowledge of the use and management of
the mortar and rocket lines in the case of the strand-
ing of a vessel, as explained in the official log-book.
9. First Mate.-A First Mate must be nineteen
years of age, and have served five years at sea, of
which one year must have been as either Second or
Only Mate, or as both.
Service in a superior capacity is in all cases to be an
equivalent to service in an inferior capacity.
In Navigation: In addition to what is required for
an Only Mate, he must be able to observe azimuths,
and to compute the variation; to compare chro-
nometers and keep their rates, and find the longitude
by them from an observation of the sun; to work the
latitude by single altitude of the sun off the meridian,
and be able to use and adjust the sextant by the sun.
In Seamanship: In addition to the qualifications
required for an Only Mate, a more extensive know-
ledge of seamanship will be required, as to shifting
large spars and sails, managing a ship in stormy
weather, taking in and making sail, shifting yards and
masts, &c., and getting heavy weights, anchors, &c.,
in and out; casting a ship when on a lee-shore; and
securing the masts in the event of accident to the
bowsprit.
10. Master, Ordinary.-A Master must be twenty-
one years of age, and have been six years at sea, of
which at least one year must have been as First or
Only Mate, and one year as Second Mate.
In addition to the qualification for a First
Mate, he must be able to find the latitude by
a star, &c. He will be asked questions as to the
nature of the attraction of the ship's iron upon
the compass, and as to the method of determining
it and correcting his course thereby. He will be
examined in so much of the laws of the tides as
is necessary to enable him to shape a course, and
to compare his soundings with the depths marked on
the charts. He will be examined as to his com-
petency to construct jury rudders and rafts, and as
to his resources for the preservation of the ship's
crew in the event of wreck. He must possess a
sufficient knowledge of what he is required to do by
law, as to entry and discharge, and the management
of his crew, and as to penalties, and entries to be
made in the official log; and a knowledge of the
measures for preventing and checking the outbreak
of scurvy on board ship. He will be questioned as
to his knowledge of invoices, charter-party, Lloyd's
Agent, and as to the nature of bottomry; and he must
be acquainted with the leading lights of the channel
he has been accustomed to navigate, or which he is
going to use.
Service in Fore and Aft Rigged Ships: In cases
where an applicant for a certificate as Master Ordi-
nary has only served in a fore-and-aft-rigged vessel,
and is ignorant of the management of a square-rigged
vessel, he may obtain a certificate on which the words
"Fore-and-aft-rigged Vessel" will be written. This
certificate does not entitle him to command a square-
rigged ship. This is not, however, to apply to Mates,
who, being younger men, are expected for the future
to learn their business completely.
11. Master, Extra.-An Extra Master's examina-
tion is voluntary, and intended for such persons as
wish to prove their superior qualifications, and are
desirous of having certificates for the highest grade
granted.
In Navigation: As the vessels which such Masters
will command frequently make long voyages, the can-
didate will be required to work a lunar observation by
both sun and star, to determine the latitude by the
moon, by polar star off the meridian, and also by double
altitude of the sun, and to verify the result by Sumner's
method. He must be able to calculate the altitudes
of the sun or star when they cannot be observed for
the purposes of lunars, to find the error of a watch
by the method of equal altitudes, and to correct the
altitudes observed with an artificial horizon.
He must understand how to observe and apply the
deviation of the compass, and to deduce the set and
rate of the current from the D.R. and observation.
He will be required to explain the nature of great
circle sailing, and know how to apply practically that
knowledge, but he will not be required to go into the