298
THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.
ment should be maintained in a solvent condition, as
regards all such demands as its constitution is in-
tended to meet; and it is satisfactory to know, as an
effect of large improvements which of late years have
been made in the system of supply, that the resources
of the establishment are now many times greater and
more elastic than they have been during any previous
epidemic of small-pox, and are fully adequate to meet
all such demands as the establishment professes to
provide for. It must be remembered, however, that
there are certain claims which the establishment is
neither meant nor would be able to meet. No
central depôt of lymph can pretend to give such
separate supplies as will enable each individual prac-
titioner to vaccinate at once large numbers of
persons. The principle on which the National
Vaccine Establishment proceeds (and has always
proceeded) in its distribution of lymph, whether to
public or to private vaccinators, is as follows:- It fur-
nishes each applicant with a sufficiency for the perfor-
mance of a few first vaccinations, and it expects that
the recipient, so far as the circumstances of his
practice render necessary, will exert himself to
vaccinate in series from the beginning which he is thus
enabled to make. This principle is acted on in rela-
tion to Public Vaccinators (as especially in country
districts) whenever, from local circumstances, the
weekly succession of groups of cases has been inter-
rupted; and no other principle can be worked on a
large scale in relation to Private Vaccinators. If
re-vaccinations are in question, they, to any consider-
able extent, cannot be immediately dealt with at the
expense of the central depot. And if the vaccinator,
on receiving his packet of preserved lymph, does not
use it for starting primary vaccinations from which
afterwards his re-vaccinations could be performed,
but, instead of so doing, expends the preserved lymph
on some of his claimants for re-vaccination, he must
not rely on being able to satisfy other claimants with
new supplies from the central depôt.

Where Medical Practitioners, not being Public
Vaccinators, and not having otherwise in their practice
cases for Primary Vaccination, are called upon to
re-vaccinate on considerable scale (as in hospitals,
commercial establishments, schools, and even large
households), they would generally find it best to
make direct application for assistance to the Public
Vaccinator of the District in which they have to act;
with whose assistance they may commonly find it
in their power to arrange with the parents of
children recently vaccinated at the Public Station,
that some of such children shall at the proper time
be taken to places where private re-vaccinations have
to be performed, so as to furnish from arm to arm
any required quantity of lymph. Generally, too, any
private Medical Practitioner who, from any cause,
desires to obtain extraordinary supplies of lymph,
will most easily attain his object by applying to the
Public Vaccinator of the District in which he resides.
And as Public Vaccinators, appointed under "The
Vaccination Act, 1867," are of course free to accept
payment for any extra-official work which they may
be willing to undertake, Private Practitioners would
probably have no difficulty in obtaining, by voluntary
agreement, the assistance of some of these officers as
collectors of lymph for private re-vaccination.

It is important for the public to observe that re-
vaccination on a large scale is not easily conducted
unless in a thoroughly systematic manner, and that
individual difficulties in finding lymph for re-vaccina-
tion are inseparable from the too general practice of
deferring re-vaccination to periods of panic, instead
of having it proceed, as it should, regularly and
uniformly, in proportion as successive numbers of
population reach the proper age for its performance.
Section VIII. of "The Vaccination Act, 1867," is as
follows:--"The provisions of the contracts entered
into before this Act comes into operation shall not,
after the thirty-first day of December next, apply to
the cases of persons who, having been previously
successfully vaccinated, shall be re-vaccinated; but
if the Lords of Her Majesty's Council shall have
issued or shall hereafter issue regulations in respect
of the re-vaccination of persons who may apply to be
re-vaccinated, which such Lords are hereby authorized
to do, the Guardians shall pay, in respect of every
case of successful re-vaccination performed in con-
formity with such regulations under such contracts,
or under new contracts entered into after the date
hereof, a sum amounting to two-thirds of the fee
payable upon each case of successful primary
vaccination."

Section IV. of the Regulations issued by the Lords
of the Council in their Order of February 18, 1868, is
as follows:--" The performance of re-vaccination by
the Public Vaccinator on persons applying to him for
that purpose shall be limited in each case by the follow-
ing conditions: (1) That, so far as the Public Vacci-
nator can ascertain, the applicant has attained the age
of fifteen years, or, if during any immediate danger of
small-pox, the age of twelve years, and has not before
been successfully re-vaccinated; and (2) that, in the
Public Vaccinator's judgment, the proposed re-
vaccination is not for any sufficient medical reason
undesirable; and (3) that the Public Vaccinator can
afford vaccine lymph for the purpose without in any
degree postponing the claims which are made on
him for the performance of primary vaccination in
his district."

6th February, 1871.

[CIRCULAR.]
Downing Street, 19th February, 1872.
SIR,-I transmit to you, for your information, a copy
of a Circular Despatch on the subject of Public
Nuisances, which I have this day addressed to the
Governors of Colonies, where the Local Government
is not responsible to the Legislature.

The Officer Administering
I have, &c.,
KIMBERLEY.
the Government of New Zealand.

[CIRCULAR 1.]
Downing Street, 19th February 1872.
SIR,-I transmit to you, for your information, a copy
of Instructions to Inspectors of Nuisances issued by
Mr. Des Vœux, the Administrator of St. Lucia, in
view of a threatened epidemic.

I also transmit to you a copy of some Observations
by the Medical Officer of the Local Government
Board, in this country, on these Instructions.

I wish you to consider whether, even without the
immediate motive of a threatened epidemic, it would
not be desirable to take similar steps, with such
variations as the local circumstances and law may
require.

The Officer Administering
I have, &c.,
KIMBERLEY.
the Government of New Zealand.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR INSPECTORS OF NUISANCES AP-
POINTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ORDINANCE
No. 1, OF 27TH JANUARY, 1854.
I. Inspect carefully every street, house, and lot in
the
of
and report upon each (giving
names of owner and occupier) as to its sanitary con-
dition, taking note separately of all things likely to
be injurious to health, especially-1. Water stag-
nating under houses; or-2. In the immediate