THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE.
399

under the provisions of the said Act as and in man-
ner hereinafter set forth:
Now therefore, I, Sir George Ferguson Bowen, the
Governor of New Zealand, by virtue and in exercise
of the powers and authorities conferred upon me by
the forty-first section of "The Immigration and
Public Works Act, 1870," and of all other powers
and authorities enabling me in that behalf, and in
compliance with the request of the said Superinten-
dent, do hereby make the following Regulations, that
is to say:-

REGULATIONS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF ASSISTED
IMMIGRANTS INTO THE PROVINCE OF HAWKE'S
BAY.

Young women residing in Europe, desirous of ob-
taining an assisted passage to the Province of Hawke's
Bay in vessels under contract to proceed to that
Province, may receive assistance as follows:-

Free passages will be granted by the Agent-General
to single women of good health accustomed to do-
mestic service who can bring satisfactory proof of
good character, and who are between the ages of 15
and 35.

Given under the hand of His Excellency Sir
George Ferguson Bowen, Knight Grand
Cross of the Most Distinguished Order
of Saint Michael and Saint George,
Governor and Commander-in-Chief in
and over Her Majesty's Colony of New
Zealand and its Dependencies, and Vice-
Admiral of the same; and issued at
Wellington, this tenth day of August,
in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and seventy-one.
W. GISBORNE.

Government House, Wellington,
New Zealand, 10th August, 1871.

HIS Excellency the Governor directs it to be made
known, for general information, that he will
receive all persons who may wish to see him, on
Tuesdays and Thursdays in every week, between the
hours of 11 a.m. and 1 p.m. At the same time, His
Excellency desires that it may be clearly understood
that public officers, gentlemen from the country, or
any other persons wishing to communicate with him
on urgent business, will be received on any day or at
any hour that he may happen to be at home.

By His Excellency's command.
HENRY D. PITT, Capt., R.A.,
Private Secretary and A.D.C.

Lady Bowen will receive visitors every Wednesday,
between 3 and 5 o'clock p.m.

Colonial Secretary's Office,
Wellington, 18th August, 1871.

T HE following Despatches, with Enclosure, from
the Right Hon. the Secretary of State for the
Colonies, are published for general information.
W. GISBORNE.

[CIRCULAR.]
Downing Street, 15th April, 1871.

SIR, —I transmit to you copies of a paper presented
to Parliament, containing further correspondence
respecting the discipline and management of Prisons
in Her Majesty's Colonial Possessions.

This is the third series of correspondence presented
to Parliament arising out of the Digest and Sum-
mary relative to Colonial Prisons which accom-
panied the Duke of Buckingham's circular despatch
of the 18th of June, 1867.

That Digest embodied in its second part an able
and succinct statement of the chief conclusions drawn
from the experience of this country and of others,
in the management and discipline of prisons. The
papers now enclosed, as well as those enclosed in
Lord Granville's circular despatch of the 28th of
June, 1869, show the progress which has been made
in the several Colonies to which they relate in giving
effect to the principles laid down in 1867; and it may
be convenient that I should shortly review the results
of Colonial experience as modifying or confirming
rules grounded solely or chiefly on English expe-
rience.

1. As to Prison Diet, the result of the correspond-
   ence which has passed is, I think, that while it does
   not conflict with the opinion expressed in the Digest
   (page 75), that "hard fare ought to be made an in-
   strument of punishment," it very much strengthens
   an opinion previously expressed in the same docu-
   ment (page 73), that "the proper amount and nature
   of prison diet is, more than any other part of prison
   discipline, a local question." The constituents of
   diet vary, of course, in different countries, as well as
   the climates and races of men, and equivalent mea-
   sures of nourishment can be only approximately
   reached. But apart from the differences thence
   arising, you will find, on examining the correspondence,
   that nothing in it is more remarkable than the
   difference of the conclusions arrived at on this subject
   by well-informed and intelligent authorities, under
   conditions to all appearances substantially the same.
   Thus, while the Inspector of Prisons in Antigua
   (Parl. Paper, 1870, page 21) considers the negro
   prisoners of that island overfed on a diet which is
   equivalent to 176 oz. of white bread a week, the
   authorities of Mauritius, both civil and medical (Parl.
   Papers, 1868, page 84, § 21) do not consider as ex-
   cessive a scale of diet equivalent on the average to
   about 250 oz. of bread a week. The difference of
   constitution between negroes and coolies cannot
   account for this divergence, and indeed might have
   been expected to bear the other way.

While, therefore, Her Majesty's Government con-
tinue to regard as highly important the principle of
making hard fare a material element of prison disci-
pline, they are not to be understood as aiming at
uniformity on the subject, or as advising the indis-
criminate adoption in the Colonies of rules founded
solely on English experience. They recommend,
however, a close and careful attention to the con-
siderations having a general applicability, which are
set forth at pp. 73-6 of the Prison Digest, Part II.
(Parliamentary Copy), and the regulation in each case
of diets by the results of practice and cautious
experiment.

2. With respect to Classification, I have to call your
   attention to an error not unfrequently committed, in
   classifying prisoners according to the technical desig-
   nation of their offences as felonies or misdemeanours.
   It was in pursuance of no defined system that crimes
   which had previously been misdemeanours, or had
   not been offences at all, came to be included amongst
   felonies. Some comparatively trivial offences are
   classed as felonies; and some grave crimes (as for
   example, perjury and misappropriation of trust
   money) are misdemeanours. I speak of the law as
   it is in England, and I am not aware that in the
   Colonies where English law is in force, the division
   has been made more systematic. It will be found
   preferable that offenders should, as a general rule,
   be classified rather by the nature and measure of the
   sentence than by the legal term for the offence.

3. In the prison correspondence there has been
   some denial of the expediency of applying the
   Separate System to uncivilized or semi-civilized races.
   But I may refer to the decided opinion of Governor
   Hincks, as quoted at page 79 of the Prison Digest