THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE. 88

EASTERN CHANNEL.

Now that Obelisks have been erected as
leading marks for the Eastern Channel, it
may, in particular cases, be advisable to pass
through it, although on account of its limited
width in several parts, and the necessity when
entering it from seaward, for suddenly chang-
ing the course at right angles, it presents less
advantages than the Western Channel. It
may, however, be safely navigated by attending
to the following instructions :-

First, as in the case for the Western Chan-
nel, to clear the South Reef you must pick up
the line of the two western obelisks in one, W.
$\frac{1}{2}$ S., and immediately after passing two cables'
length on that course westward of the meridian
of the Low Lighthouse two obelisks, at high
water level, on the strand of the eastern shore
will suddenly unmask, bearing S. $\frac{1}{2}$ E., when
they come in one, which they will do very
rapidly, haul sharp up for them carefully pre-
preserving them in line for the first quarter of a
mile, until on your port quarter you observe the
North and Inner South Heads locking, when
you may edge off and pass the northermost of
the two obelisks at halfa cable's distance, taking
care not to open the obelisk on the slope of
the North Head (after having once closed it
with the Inder South Head) until you observe
the spire of St. James' Church, (the only spire
which makes out in Sydney), its breadth open
of Bradley's Head S.W. $\frac{3}{4}$ W. When the high
Lighthouse is seen to the northward of the
chequered obelisk you are above the Sow and
Pigs Shoal, and may bring up in safe anchorage,
or proceed up the Harbour, there being no
obstructions to the navigation except the Reefs
off Bradley's Head and Shark Island, men-
tioned in the directions for the Western Chan-
nel.

ENTERING IN THE NIGHT.

Vessels approaching in the night with south-
erly or westerly winds should keep the sea
until daylight, but with winds from the north-
ward or eastward, and favorable weather, they
may safely enter, observing the following direc-
tions :-

The revolving light having been made, it
should be kept between the bearings of N.W.
and S.S.W. $\frac{3}{4}$ W., until the lower fixed light
appears in sight, this light being brought to
bear W. by S., a course should be shaped to

pass a cable's length to the northward of the
breakers on the reef extending from it, in 9
fathoms water which depth is found at a dis-
tance of about 450 yards from the Lighthouse.
After the meridian of the Low Light is passed,
and it has been brought to bear to the eastward
of south, a W. by S. course may be steered
until the Floating Light bears S. by W. $\frac{3}{4}$ W.,
when a course should be shaped so as to leave
the Light Ship a cable's length on the Port
hand. After passing the Light Ship the
course is S.W. by S., until the Revolving
Light bears E.S.E., when you will be above
the Sow and Pigs Shoal, and have deepened
the water to 10 fathoms, and by hauling up
S.E. for a quarter of a mile will find con-
venient anchorage in 8 or 9 fathoms, sandy
bottom; or may proceed further up the
Harbour, taking care to avoid vessels and
boats lying in the way.

ANCHORAGE WITHIN THE HEADS.

Ship of large tonnage, or drawing more than
18 feet, ought not, with a fresh head wind to
attempt to work through the narrow channels
between the Sow and Pigs Shoal and the shore,
neither should they anchor to the northward of
the Light Ship with the Heads open, but rather
bear up for Spring Cove, or North Harbour,
in which safe anchorage may be found. Spring
Cove, where the Quarantine Station is estab-
lished, is a small bay (capable of containing
four or five moderate sized ships) on the west-
ern side of the promontory forming the North
Head of Port Jackson, and lies due north from
the Inner South Head Lighthouse. Vessels
seeking shelter in it should bring this Light-
house to bear S. by E. before the North Head
is closed with the Inner North Head about E.
$\frac{3}{4}$ S when they must steer a course about N.
by W., passing at a cables length distance the
hummocky point, with a flagstaff upon it,
which forms the southern boundary of Spring
Cove, when they will be abreast of the anchor-
age, and may shoot into the Bay until the
Inner South Head Lighthouse just touches the
hummocky point before mentioned, and anchor
in 6 or 7 fathoms sandy bottom.

If a ship which has run for Spring Cove
should find its limited space so filled by vessels
as to prevent her taking up a berth, she may
proceed on a course about N. by W. until a
quarter of a mile to the northward of the north
point of Spring Cove, and then anchor in 6 fa-
thoms at a cable's length from the eastern shore
of North Harbour. Here a ship will be shel-
tered from the sea which S. E. winds send into
the middle and western portion of this harbour.

Strangers to the Port may deem it objection-
able to run to leeward for a confined achorage,
and those who have not got a Pilot had bet-
ter stand out again till one can be obtained,
unless they feel confident of being able to take
in sail smartly and bring up quickly.

Between Grotto Point and Middle Head, and
due west of North Head, lies Middle Harbour,
an arm of the sea extending several miles in a
North West direction. It is open to the east-
ward, and not navigable for vessels drawing