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penalty not exceeding twenty pounds.

36. Provided that the foregoing regulations shall not apply to Her Majesty’s ships of war, or those of any foreign Power, or to gunpowder in such quantity as may be sufficient only for, and be on board as ships’ stores, but in no case to exceed the weight of fifty pounds.

37. All gunpowder shall be landed from vessels in boats properly troused over, and carrying a red distinguishing flag, under a penalty of ten pounds.

General Directions.

All persons navigating vessels are to observe the following established nautical rules as enacted by the Imperial “Merchants Shipping Act, 1862.”

Preliminary.

Act 1. In the following rules every steam ship which is under sail, and not under steam, is to be considered a sailing ship, and every ship which is under steam, whether under sail or not is to be considered a ship under steam.

Rules concerning Lights.

Act 2. The lights mentioned in the following articles, and no other, shall be carried in all weathers between sunset and sunrise.

Act 3. Seagoing steam ships when under weight shall carry—

(A.) At the Foremast Head: A bright white light so fixed as to show an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of twenty points of the compass, so fixed as to throw the light ten points on each side of the ship, viz., from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on either side, and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night with a clear atmosphere at a distance of at least five miles.

(B.) On the Starboard Side: A green light, so constructed as to throw an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of ten points of the compass, so fixed as to throw the light from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on the starboard side, and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night with a clear atmosphere at a distance of at least two miles.

(C.) On the Port Side: a red light, so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of ten points of the compass, so fixed as to throw the light from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on the port side, and of such a character as to be visible on a dark night with a clear atmosphere at a distance of at least two miles.

(D.) The said green and red side lights shall be fitted with inboard screens projecting at least three feet forward from the light, so as to prevent these lights from being seen across the bow.

Act 4. Steam ships, when towing other ships, shall carry two bright white mast-head lights vertically in addition to their side lights, so as to distinguish them from other steam ships. Each of these mast-head lights shall be of the same construction and character as the mast-head lights which other steam ships are required to carry.

Act 5. Sailing ships under weigh or being towed shall carry the same lights as steam ships under weigh, with the exception of the white mast-head lights, which they shall never carry.

Act 6. Whenever, as in the case of small vessels during bad weather, the green and red lights cannot be fixed, these lights shall be kept on deck on their respective sides of the vessel ready for instant exhibition, and shall, on the approach of or to other vessels, be exhibited on their respective sides in sufficient time to prevent collision, in such a manner as to make them most visible, and so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side.

To make the use of these portable lights more certain and easy, they shall each be painted outside, with the colour of the light they respectively contain, and shall be provided with suitable screens.

Act 7. Ships, whether steam ships or sailing ships, when at anchor in roadsteads or fairways, shall, between sunset and sunrise, exhibit, where it can best be seen, but at a height not exceeding twenty feet above the hull, a white light in a globular lantern of eight inches in diameter, and so constructed as to show a clear uniform and unbroken light, visible all round the horizon, and at a distance of at least one mile.

Act 8. Sailing pilot vessels shall not carry the lights required for other sailing vessels, but shall carry a white light at the mast head visible all round the horizon, and shall also exhibit a flare-up light every fifteen minutes.

Act 9. Open fishing boats and other open boats shall not be required to carry side lights required for other vessels; but shall, if they do not carry such lights, carry a lantern having green slide on the one side, and a red slide on the other side, and on the approach of or to other vessels such lantern shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision, so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side.

Fishing vessels and open boats when at anchor or attached to their nets and stationary shall exhibit to a their bright white light. Fishing vessels and open boats shall, however, not be prevented from using a flare-up in addition if considered expedient.

Rules concerning Fog Signals.

Act 10. Whenever there is a fog, whether by day or night, the fog signals described